Friday, May 31, 2019

Creating a Personal Electronic Home Room Security System Robot with Leg

Personal Electronic Home Room Security System-Bot hesitancyIs it possible to create a personal electronic home room security system with LegosMindstorm kit?HypothesisIf I use the Legos Mindstorm kit, I hypothesize that any type of security system ispossible with legos because the freedom of using as many RCX blocks as possible allowsroom for large and more complex robots, though the program NQC does have somelimits to it.Background ResearchEver since the beginning of civilization, people had been searching ways to securetheir knowledge privacy from intruders. First, it was fire, the most basic form of security thatscared unwary animals away, along with dangerously exposing ones clandestinehideout to curious nature. following came the actual fortification of structures and barricades,which provided temporary protection from unarmed thieves. Finally, after centuries offailed attempts of searching a flawless security system, the world entered the InformationAge, where home security w as granted a complete renovation in safety and style.A typical home security system consists of an apprehension system that sounds after anunwanted break-in. performance sensors around the sign of the zodiac may also trigger much(prenominal) an alarm, justin case if the burglar is already hiding out in the house after security is set. Paranoidhousekeepers may also take the extra step of installing timed light systems, just to informburglars that there is cool it life and activity within the house. However, the price ishorrendously expensive. Nevertheless, one security system for the house is enough forthe whole family unless, those pesky teenagers want one too. Subsequently, installationof nested alarm systems and motion sensors is rather inconvenie... ... further studies, future creators canremedy this problem by developing new ways for two RCX to communicate with eachother, such as touch sensors that are attached to both RCXs, or the usage of lasercommunication.One other pr oblem is the exposure of the RCX blocks that can allow intruders to manifestly turn off the blocks to shut off the alarm system. This can be fixed by developingautomatic enclosing boxes that lock over the centripetal RCXs when password is set.The idea of multiplexing sensors without the usage of extra hand-created pieces isanother important research that can allow more convenient robots and even a mathematicalpad controlled security system. With these studies, paranoid room securers may somedayfinally find peace in the security they have.ReferencesBaum, David. Definitive Guide to LEGO MINDSTORMS Second Edition. young York,Apress 2003

Thursday, May 30, 2019

The University Health System Should Distribute the Morning After Pill E

The University Health System Should Distribute the Morning After oral contraceptive pillThe United States of America is known for many of its outlandish and outrageous statistics in comparison to other countries. Statistics regarding obesity, homicide rates, and political issues have displayed many of the nation?s nerveless points. However, the amount of teen maternal quality has bring forth so excessive that it is becoming a cry for help and a statistic that is greatly standing out and prat no longer be ignored. In 1999 about one million teenagers experienced a pregnancy. This rate was twice the amount in England, Wales, and Canada and nine propagation greater than that of the Netherlands and Japan. About 78% of these American teenage pregnancies were said to be unplanned. (The Alan Guttmacher Institute home page)The country has come up with many solutions to this problem, yet nearly every solution has caused ethical debate. The use of contraception is rejected by many religio ns and groups of people while the resource of abortion, is even more widely rejected. numerous Christian religions stand firm on preventing the use of either contraception or abortion as well as sex outside wedlock. new(prenominal) religions such as Judiasm, Muslims, and Hinduisms also stand against it. Politicians are also known for taken a stand on the issue, as those running on a conservative platform (Republicans) are more likely to go against. The liberals (Democrats) stress the need for womens? right to chose and consistently fight for the continuation of the practice of abortion. Although, the younger generations are more accepting of these options, does that mean it is the right decision? One quick fix to pregnancy began years ago with the introduction of the condom. This method of contraception h... ... at an early age is a fear for many young women in high school and college. About 70% of the high school age students that become pregnant will finish high school but fa il to continue there education in college. (The Alan Guttmacher Institute facts and statistics on teen pregnancy home page). Many young women have goals and dreams that are sometimes shattered due to an unexpected visitor. One night can change the lives of these students and they should have an option if a mistake is made or an accident happens. If women on the James Madison University campus had the choice to receive the morning-after pill from the Health Center and take it, and so there would be a lot less stress in the lives of these young women. Knowing that if something unexpected where to happen, that there is a solution, is a good speck to have for the woman of this college university campus.

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

Essay --

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an infection provoked by a group of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that reside on the exterior of peoples beat and inside of the nose. This bacterium is typically innocuous however, it can cause infections in various parts of the torso because is resistant to a number of unremarkably used antibiotics which makes the infection extremely difficult to cure. MRSA has several symptoms including infectious shin, but sometimes it can cause serious infections inside of the torso. To diagnose MRSA most ordinarily a lab test is done to the infected area of the skin, but depending on the patients symptoms a urine, sputum, or blood test can be done. Accordingly, MRSA is treatable with stingy antibiotics that are still effective, depending on the severity of the infection and its location in the body. Continually, Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium that lives in ones body nonetheless, it can be problematic if it gets inside o f the body because it can cause an infection. MRSA can be spread from one person to another by skin to skin con... Essay -- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an infection provoked by a group of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that reside on the exterior of peoples skin and inside of the nose. This bacterium is typically innocuous however, it can cause infections in various parts of the body because is resistant to a number of ordinarily used antibiotics which makes the infection extremely difficult to cure. MRSA has several symptoms including infectious skin, but sometimes it can cause serious infections inside of the body. To diagnose MRSA most commonly a lab test is done to the infected area of the skin, but depending on the patients symptoms a urine, sputum, or blood test can be done. Accordingly, MRSA is treatable with stingy antibiotics that are still effective, depending on the severity of the infection and its location in the body. Continu ally, Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium that lives in ones body nonetheless, it can be problematic if it gets inside of the body because it can cause an infection. MRSA can be spread from one person to another by skin to skin con...

Challenger Disaster :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Challenger DisasterIt was on January 28, 1986 at 1138 A.M. that the shuttle Challenger, NASA fledge 51-L, the twenty-fifth shuttle flight, took off. It was the Teacher in Space mission. At lift-off, the temperature at ground level was 36 Fahrenheit, which was 15 Fahrenheit cooler than any introductory launch by NASA. It was the Challengers tenth flight. Take-off had been delayed several times. Finally the shuttle had taken off. The shuttle had climbed high in the sky thirty-five seconds after take-off, and it was acquire hit by strong winds. The on board computers were making continuous adjustments so the shuttle would stay on course. nigh eight miles in the air, round seventy-two seconds after take-off, people watched in fear and horror as the shuttle was engulfed by a huge fire ball. All the crew members were killed instantly. Engineers and scientists began onerous to find what went wrong almost right away. They studied the film of the take-off. When they studied the film, th ey noticed a small jet of flame coming from inside the showcase for one of the rocket boosters. The flame got bigger and bigger. It started to touch a strut that connected the booster to the big elicit tank attached to the space shuttle. About two or three seconds later, hydrogen began leaking from the gigantic fuel tank. About seventy-two seconds after take-off, the hydrogen caught on fire and the booster swung around. That punctured the fuel tank, which caused a big explosion. Even though people knew what had happened, they didnt know why it had happened. Gradually people found the answer. Heres why it happened the rocket boosters casing was made in different sections. These sections were attached to each other and sealed together with o-rings-rubber rings. The o-rings were held in their places by the pressure of the hot gasses, which were from the rocket booster after it was ignited. On preliminary missions of the Challenger, the o-rings were found to be worn away by the hot g asses. The o-rings had been tested and the results had shown that the o-rings were a lot more likely to fail in cold or freezing weather. That was what happened on the cold morning of January 28, 1986. The people on board the shuttle on January 28, 1986 were Lieutenant Ellison Onizuka, an Air Force Officer Commander Michael Smith, a Navy officer Christa McAuliffe, a high-school teacher in New Hampshire Dick Scobe, a Navy officer Greg Jarvis, an engineer Judy Resnik, an astronaut and Ronald McNair, an astronaut.

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

The Benefits of XM Radio Essay -- Radio Technology Entertainment Essay

The Benefits of XM Radio Over the years, many people all over have listened to the tuner for entertainment and information. Radio supplies newborns, sports, music, talk, and many other options with great ease. However, since television has become so popular lately, people look to it as an alternative to radio for the antecedently stated options. The reason for this can be linked to the redundancy that radio has encountered by not offering anything new and exciting for people to become kindle about. Now, XM radio has solved this problem by giving people something new to look forward to by offering their services to anyone who wants to try something new. XM Radio uses satellites positioned in space to allow people to listen to the radio across the United States without having to be bothered with changing stations. This luxury has gotten consumers and analysts very excited and has been receiving a dowry of hype in the media lately. The advanced methods of broadcasting lead sup ply XM Radio with more appealing features to listeners than existing entertainment. As a result, those who are bored with the veritable condition of radio entertainment may use XM more than FM and AM radio. The advanced technology that XM Radio uses is a big change from the former(a) fashioned ways that FM and AM radio are broadcasted. XM Radio uses satellites in order to broadcast across the entire country with a assoil signal. XM satellites fixed orbits ensure a focused and consistent signal (Satellites 2002). If the satellites need to be moved for any reason, no problems go out occur with the broadcasting and ensures that the signals will not be lost (Satellites 2002). The ways in which were they were manufactured plays a big role in the quality of the signals that are sent to Earth. The satellites were built by Boeing Satellite Systems, which is the worlds leading commercial manufacturer of satellites (Satellites 2002). This was a smart decision by the makers of XM Radio bec ause Boeing is such a well-respected company that it will ensure the confidence of needed consumers.Instead of having thousands and thousands of radio stations across the nation, XM radio uses a broadcast center in Washington, D.C. for the majority of its broadcasting. This will vamoose down costs of office space and employees, which in turn would decrease their budget. This center has 20 multi-function produ... ...ipped with some of the best-known names in car audio. These companies include Delphi, Delco Electronics Systems, Alpine Electronics, Clarion, Audiovox, Visteon, Pioneer, Panasonic, Sanyo, and Motorola (Car Units 2002). These audio systems will definitely help in the performance of the overall radio because the speakers are top of the line and provide conk out quality than any others. Also, it will intimately likely improve the sale of the systems since the name brands will attract more buyers. The improvements in radio will most likely attract people who ar e irritated by the difficulty of finding a station that suits their interests. It may output a while for this new product to become popular, but with the information that I have researched it is likely that it will catch on in the near future. Also, if this does catch on, then the subjugate of people who listen to the radio instead of watching television should increase as the years go on. Some people think that XM Radio could take over FM and AM radio because of its overall superiority to them. Whether or not this happens, it is definitely a step forward in creating more luxuries for those who whole step the need to be entertained.

The Benefits of XM Radio Essay -- Radio Technology Entertainment Essay

The Benefits of XM tuner Over the years, m all people all over have take heeded to the communicate for entertainment and information. Radio supplies news, sports, music, talk, and many other options with great ease. However, since television has perish so popular lately, people look to it as an alternative to radio for the previously stated options. The argue for this can be linked to the redundancy that radio has encountered by not offering anything new and exciting for people to become interested about. Now, XM radio has resolved this problem by giving people something new to look forward to by offering their services to anyone who wants to try something new. XM Radio uses satellites positioned in space to take people to listen to the radio across the United States without having to be bothered with changing stations. This luxury has gotten consumers and analysts very excited and has been receiving a lot of hype in the media lately. The advanced methods of broadcasting will supply XM Radio with more appealing features to listeners than existing entertainment. As a result, those who are bored with the current condition of radio entertainment may use XM more than FM and AM radio. The advanced technology that XM Radio uses is a big change from the old fashioned shipway that FM and AM radio are broadcasted. XM Radio uses satellites in order to broadcast across the entire country with a clear signal. XM satellites fixed orbits delay a focused and consistent signal (Satellites 2002). If the satellites need to be moved for any reason, no problems will occur with the broadcasting and ensures that the signals will not be lost (Satellites 2002). The ways in which were they were manufactured plays a big role in the quality of the signals that are sent to Earth. The satellites were built by Boeing Satellite Systems, which is the instaurations leading commercial manufacturer of satellites (Satellites 2002). This was a smart decision by the makers of XM Radi o because Boeing is such a well-respected company that it will ensure the pledge of needed consumers.Instead of having thousands and thousands of radio stations across the nation, XM radio uses a broadcast center in Washington, D.C. for the majority of its broadcasting. This will cut down cost of office space and employees, which in turn would decrease their budget. This center has 20 multi-function produ... ...ipped with some of the best-known names in car audio. These companies include Delphi, Delco Electronics Systems, Alpine Electronics, Clarion, Audiovox, Visteon, Pioneer, Panasonic, Sanyo, and Motorola ( gondola car Units 2002). These audio systems will definitely help in the performance of the overall radio because the speakers are top of the line and provide better quality than any others. Also, it will most likely improve the sale of the systems since the name brands will thread more buyers. The improvements in radio will most likely attract people who are irri tated by the difficulty of finding a station that suits their interests. It may take a while for this new product to become popular, but with the information that I have researched it is likely that it will catch on in the near future. Also, if this does catch on, then the number of people who listen to the radio instead of watching television should increase as the years go on. Some people think that XM Radio could take over FM and AM radio because of its overall superiority to them. Whether or not this happens, it is definitely a step forward in creating more luxuries for those who feel the need to be entertained.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Dogs as Best Pet Essay

Dogs as better(p) pets have been contentious wrinkle among scholars with center of debate consistently change from basic roles of tags in homes to scientific roles they play in research. It is not fallacious to argue for instance, that in recent decades, there has been social, economic and cultural changes that have brought primeval shift in the attitude and values of people to an extent that dogs ar not only reared as best pets but fulfill a attached vacuum left due to a sense of isolation. Scholars such as Tapper (2007) have provided evidence-based researches showing that dogs as pets provide unconditional companionship which equates powerful therapeutic options that improve quality of life. However, what Tapper presents in his study should not be considered as the pinnacle in this argument. That is, debate on dogs as the best pet is so rich that argument as made by Tapper is admittedly an introductory one and only represents a research that is clearly in progress. Looking at recent studies such as Serpell and Paul (2010), it is clear that there are still a number of avenues which beg this sagaciousness to explore regarding benefits of gods as pets and such cannot be explored in the confines of what Tapper argues about.In support of studies that have looked at dogs in a wider perspective, this argument begins, as all proper researches should, that dogs are not only the best pets but work animal. As pets, they are not just fawning but look to live with people and take their work outside seriously they are to be found at table and at the gate watching steadily for any intruder. This is not to forget the fact that families use dog as guide dogs for the blind or hearing dogs for the blind. Though some arguments such as Vivian (2001) have postulated that as pets, dogs can sometime tear their best friends asunder, it is possible to counter this claim in the sense that these pets could only attack their master in situations psychologist term as fight or flight. That is, dogs as pets are have feelings and when cornered or threatened, they either fight tooshie or run onward from the danger. In fact, close study of these animals as pets brings a number of such contradictions (that dogs can aimlessly attack their masters) (Lloyd-Jones, 2003).Arguments on whether dogs are the best pet stretches back to the early times of Greek civilization where it was, at the very best, liminal, humans best friend compared to other animals that were domesticated (Tapper, 2007). Contrariwise, this statement remains shot owing to the fact that the animal is just a few steps from the wolf. In addition to this, in a confined argument, the theory continues, that dogs as pets are not as important as other animals reared as pets. The thesis statement of this school of thought lies on the premise that the animal contributes nothing to the usual good compared to other pets. In as much as there may be truth in this theoretical framework, comparative studies as cited preceding(prenominal) have succinctly indicated that such a view is fraught with inherent dangers especially if they are pursued overly simplistically. The reason as to why this argument refutes opposing arguments that is strongly is due to the fact that the obvious relationship existing between people and dogs as pets is rarely that simple, regardless of the level of society the dog is reared as a pet. To argue that dogs as pets are economically worthless is fallacious in the sense that young people in the house and dogs as pets are categorized as creatures put near or in the house, fed but with return or meaningless economic services the owner.ReferencesLloyd-Jones, H. (2003), Females of the species and dogs rearing in the upper families. ParkRidge, NJ 2003.Serpell, T. & Paul, E. (2010), Pets and the development of positive attitudes towards dogs, inAnimals and society. Changing perspectives, eds. A. Manning & James Serpell,Routledge, NY 2010, 127-156.Tapper, R. (2007), Animality, humanity, morality, society, in What is an animal? Ed. T. Ingold,Routledge, NY 2010, 42-72.Vivian, K. (2001), In the company of animal. A study of human-animals relationship.Routledge, NY 2001, 390-412. come document

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Peace On Earth Essay

Peace is something that many of us hope for on Earth. It is something that many great deal work for, accomplish for and die for. But is it possible? Is it possible to unite the countries of the world and live in mollificationfulness and harmony? Is it possible to unify religions, cultures, and races to ultimately achieve, what many knockout pageant contestants, call, World Peace? Good evening adjudicators and fellow students. Peace is defined as a state of mutual harmony between people or groups. This statement tells us that Peace on Earth is something that back toothnot be kept by force, it flock only be achieved by mutual intellectual among people. There are many different ways to reflect on the word peace. I always thought of peace as a state of which our world got along, peerless country to another. I also thought of peace as a state of calmness between people where trash or disagreement does not exist. I feel that today the pen is mightier than the sword and many treat ies and negotiations have ended wars because people are willing to sit down and discuss their issues.However, I believe in our lifetimes, the entire world will not be completely at peace, since there are so many different opinions between world leaders. Peace in the world starts with each and every one of us. It is a blossoming flower whose quintessence can be felt by each and every soul. As I find my own inner peace, I spread that into the world outside of myself. subsequently all, Peace comes from within. Do not seek without it as The Buddha once said. So from our own inner peace, we therefore become messengers of peace among the people with who we interact with. So from our small group of family and friends, to casual acquaintances, to our various communities. As those communities become much peaceful, then cities and states become more peaceful. As cities and states become more peaceful, nations become more peaceful. As nations become more peaceful, the world becomes more pea ceful. And this whole snowball effect, begins with our own search for inner peace. Thus we each need to plant the seeds of humanity and peace in the world, one thought at a time, one decision at a time, one act at a time, and one day at a time. The United Nations is an organisation born to save the world from the scourge of war.After the Cold war, fought between USA and USSR, the world was plagued with conflict, and peace had been lost on macrocosm. The United Nations was an instrument to regain and maintain peace and harmony on earth. Today, the United Nations plays an important role (directly or indirectly) in shapingthe events of the world to promote harmony, the protection of human rights and peace on Earth. In the words of Ronald Regan, Peace is not absence of conflict, it is the ability to handle conflict by peaceful means. Even recently the United Nations has used its power to try settle ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia, by calling an immediate and panoptic ceas efire. This temporary truce has been enforced since the 12th of February this, however conflict still remains in the region. This fragile true has allowed vital humanitarian efforts by the UN to increase, to the victims.With the expiration toll set to soar over the already, staggering number of 5700, this ceasefire has given hope to thousands of innocent people, caught in the crossfire. Our power of wonder has been completely replaced by our love for power. I feel that this conveys the idea that, depending on lifes challenges, peace is truly hard to achieve at all times. The fragile condition of our earth bloodsheds, and terrorism, are threatening the very foundations of world peace. The things we could do if some nations could put an end to their power hunger, and plundering of neighbouring countries to expand their territories. Take the likes of Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi.These are all glisten examples of patriots who sacrificed their lives for peace in their country. In Summation, Peace on Earth is the mother of progress. Without it, a nation, let alone a world cannot brighten any progress. For peace is a blossoming flower, growing in each and every one of us. Also, our power of love has been completely replaced by our love for power. However, I think we can change this, correction I know we can change this. Nevertheless some believe that human nature ultimately prevents world peace. What do I think about world peace? I think there is indeed no such way to peace, rather peace is the way to make a better world.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Online Shopping Research

The inquiry question Does the online shopping affect to buy decision of shoppers who retain see and buying clothes from the store or the market in London area? 3. 1 evaluate techniques for use with quantitative data in the investigate proposal The quantitative data is sample and object glass. The figure is showing in statistic such as the count of frequencies, rate of percentages or another statistic representation of veritable absence of behaviour.There are a number of approaches to collect quantitative data such as surveys, questionnaires (close-ended questions), clinical test. The quantitative data mostly is used with ample sample. It is no need for the participant to put their name on the questionnaires which is befriend to gain more data than qualitative data collection method that needful the personal detail (will be explain more in 3. 2) . The data analysis will be display in the bar chart, pie chart, graph or histogram.The researcher can be clearly to understand a nd compare result in general. From the research question which is about the behaviour of shopper to make a purchase decision on buying cloth. The quantitative collection that would be the most appropriate to implement in this research should be the close-ended questionnaires be pay off the survey and questionnaires can be complete namelessly, thus it allows to force a lots of data from great number of sample from the sample field either or the internet.The close-ended questionnaires are lucky to analyse and compare because it can be done in term of rate of percentages or histogram. However, some of the participant might give the dishonestly responses cause of the biased result. This data collection method provide researcher to cover a wide range of the research question but only in the general view it cannot provide in-depth opinion of participant. The cost to process this data collection is inexpensive unless using conducting the survey via the telephone.It may take moderate of clock required depends on the system that the researcher will conduct for example mail and telephone would be take more time that give the questionnaire cover in sample area. 3. 2 evaluate techniques for use with qualitative data in the research proposal The qualitative data is about Why which is help the researcher to find out more depth information and being clear perspective in the research question. The qualitative collection methods such as the surveys, open-ended questionnaires, interview, focus group etc.Most of this method requires a long period of time and money to support the conducting. According to the research question which is related on the shoppers behaviour. Therefore the interview would be the ideal method to collect the data because it offer full stories and depth information which is given the flexibility to research for exploring topic in detail and varied perspective. Moreover the interview method gives a chance for interviewer to explain the question that int erviewees not understand clearly and get the right information from interviewees.However in reality, The conducting of the interview data collection method is difficult to make believe because It is required the highly skilled interviewer and honest who can overlook the scope of the answers related to the subject, unbias and create the comfortable atmosphere to interviewees, It is also need to prepare the closed area for the interview in term of protecting the breach for environment. Moreover It is numberless of people to participate the interview because it need to ask the personal detail in case of following or re-collecting the data which is uncommonly to encourages people getting involve.Apart from the difficult of conducting, the interview is time consuming and expensive for this research. Although, it is hard to conduct the interview but there are another way to gain detailed information from participant by using the open-ended questionnaires. It is inexpensive method and t he researcher can conduct it together with the closed-ended questionnaires. From this way it increase an opportunity to get more in-depth information and research can be provide the critical analysis.It might be difficult to interpret wording or phrases that participant be using and it is often that people not given the answer in the questionnaires which cause of the missing data. As stated by the research question, The possible sample area that can be collect the data would be chosen mainly in Camden lock market and online social website as facebook or alternatively student in the college. The methods that would be using in this research would be closed-ended and open-ended questionnaires in term of to cover the wide objective of topic and get some detail from the questionnaire.This both methods can be gathering data to each other. The researcher can be able to produce the questionnaire in one page and unneeded name, Thus participants would pleasant to do it. As the reason as prese nt before, The mixed questionnaires would be suitable to pass for the crowded market as Camden lock market that mostly of the people busy at shopping because it required less time for participants to complete and it is in expensive to conduct for research even though, it require moderate time. ReferencesRichard Gay,Alan Charlesworth, and Rita Esen, (2007) , Online marketing a customer-led approach Oxford university press, Great clarendon street ,Oxford Sarah Quinton and Teresa Smallbone (2006) , Postgraduate research in origin a critical guide SAGE publications LTd. Saunders,Lewis and Thornhill (2007), Research methods for business students (fourth editon), Pearson education limited. Overview of Qualitative Methods and AnalyticTechnique http//www. nsf. gov/pubs/1997/nsf97153/chap_3. htm Evaluation method http//socrates. berkeley. edu/pbd/pdfs/Evaluation_Methods. pdf

Friday, May 24, 2019

Zzzzzzzzzz

Northwest Missouri State University 51-646-40 managerial Accounting January 12 February 14, 2013 St. Joseph range Instructor Dr. R. WoodOffice Colden Hall 2100 (Maryville campus) telephony 562-1759e-mail emailprotected edu Secretary 562-1835 COURSE DESCRIPTION A graduate level course in the principles and theory of managerial and cost accounting information. The course firsts develops an netherstanding of the concepts and procedures for a topical area and then through questions, problems, and depicted object readings applies them.The major topical areas include the role of accounting information to management, cost concepts, cost behavior, costing systems, budgeting, allocation, applicable costs, variances, capital budgeting, planning and control. TEXT Managerial Accounting, Fourth Edition (2010), James Jiambalvo, Wiley, ISBN 978-0-470-33334-1 Textbooks can be ordered through, http//www. nwmissouri. bncollege. com the Bearcat bookstore (660. 562. 1246), Amazon, or other onlin e vendor. member READINGS In addition to the text editionbook there are required article readings.These are listed in the syllabus and at the eCompanion site under the Articles by Chapter point or in the webliography. Alternatively the articles may be found at most any University library, the full reference is given in the syllabus and online. eCOMPANION land site The site is primarily organized by chapter. Each chapter lists the assigned fall over questions and problems along with their solutions, PowerPoint slides, additional problems for selected topics, and readings for some articles. Other article readings are found under the Webliography tab.A copy of the daily archive and general syllabus items is also at the site. OPTIONAL MATERIALS http//www. wiley. com/college/jiambalvo (click on the Student Companion Site link) the site offers PowerPoint slides for each chapter, review questions and quizzes. Availability is non guaranteed, it is subject to Wiley Publishing. COURSE OBJECTIVES The course is designed to add understanding of management information needs, develop managerial accounting concepts, and the application of managerial accounting methods.The substance abuse of accounting data in aiding, planning, control, and decision making and its relationship to the management function is of primary importance. In addition the savant entrust understand many of the various accounting analysis procedures available to management as well as their limitations. Upon completion of the course the student should have a broad understanding of the concepts and practice of managerial accounting, and how it aids managers in manufacturing and service environments. ATTENDANCE Successful completion of this course requires regular class attendance, especially in this short and condensed register.It is the students responsibility to vex any information missed in class from other students, including any announcements that may affect the schedule. Lectures, sermon, a nnouncements, or assigned textile go out not be repeated for the benefit of absent students. Missing four classes or half the contact hours, whichever comes first, allow for result in a place reduction of one letter grade, missing five classes will result in administrative withdrawal from the course or a grade of F as appropriate. Northwest Missouri State University 51-646 Managerial AccountingPREPARATION and PARTICIPATION Preparation for class is reading all chapter and article readings prior to class, you will obtain more and contribute more to class discussion. Assigned questions, exercises, and problems are optional in that they will not be collected, however it is expected that they will be completed, they are for your benefit and will help on exams. Assignments will be reviewed in class as time permits and when requested by the student. Cases or articles will be collected and graded as noted below. Students will also be called on to participate in discussing questions, ro blems, cases, and readings. GRADE DETERMINATION 90- 100AMidterm Exam45% 80 -89BFinal Exam45% 70 79CCollected Cases or Articles10% below70D (Failure)Total100% EXAMS Two closed book exams will be given will be given over the chapters and material covered. The exams will cover the text (chapters, questions, problems, and cases), additional readings, any losss, and class discussion. MAKE-UP EXAMS No tests will be repeated for the benefit of absent students unless there is evidence of sufficient weight in the instructors judgment to merit it.Extenuating circumstances must be verifiable with an independent source. In no case will an exam be repeated if the student fails to notify the instructor or department secretary in advance of the absence. WRITTEN CASE REPORTS A total of two cases and/or articles will be collected and are due immediately after class discussion, they will not be accepted afterwards. It must provide a description of the case or article, the major issues of concern to management, answer the questions in the case or article, and when appropriate provide resolution to the problem(s) in the case or article.Note that the daily schedule also has additional questions for some cases. The length of the report is determined by the case or article, but should not exceed four pages. It must be typed using standard margins and type, and/or a (Excel) spreadsheet as appropriate. Cases for collection will be assigned as the semester progresses but will come from those denoted with a biramous asterisk (**). DISABILITY ACCOMODATIONMS Students in this course who need disability accommodations/modifications should present a copy of their official Northwest accommodation letter from the LAP/S Committee to the instructor uring private office hours as early in the term as possible. Additional information can be found in the Services for Students with Disabilities brochure available at the Student Services Center or online at www. nwmissouri. edu/swd. ACADEMIC DISHONE STY Per University and departmental policy, academic dishonesty will result in failure and dismissal from the course and possible dismissal from the University. A more detailed description of the policy is in the graduate compose and in the last page of the syllabus. IMPORTANT DATES Class meetings Saturday January 12, 26, February 9 atomic number 90 January 17, 31, February 14 51-646 Managerial Accounting August 4 September 6 2012 Daily Schedule The schedule will likely change some as the semester progresses to accommodate for class discussion and unforeseen changes. For each day the chapters to be discussed, homework and case discussion points are listed. Half-way and at the end of the course there will be an exam. Cases denoted with a double asterisk ** may be collected and counted towards the grade. At the eCompanion site some article readings are under the chapter tab and others are linked through the webliography as noted.January 12, Saturday 9-5 pm Q=Question, Ex = Exerci se, Pr = Problem CH 1 Managerial Accounting In The Information Age Q 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 Case 1-1 Local 635 Case 1-2 Boswell Plumbing Products CH 2 Job-Order Costing For Manufacturing And Service Companies Q 1- 10 Ex 12 Pr 1 Case 2-1 Brixton Surgical Devices (additional question How are costs allocated to the product such that producing more units would result in more of overhead be buried in inventory? ) Case 2-3 Dupage Powder Coating CH 3 Process Costing Q 1, 4, 5, 6, 10 Pr 2, 3, 8 and supplement (online) Case 3-1 Tech-Tonic Sports DrinkJanuary 17, thorium 6-10 pm CH 5 Variable Costing Q 1 5, 9, 10 Ex 4, 5 Pr 4, 12, 15 CH 6 Cost parcelling And Activity-Based Costing (and handout on service department allocation) Q 2, 5, 6, 7, 9 Pr 1, 5, 6, 12, 16 Case 6-1 Eastside Medical Testing** Devices (additional question Why or why not is Eastside better or worse off economically if they keep Nuclear Systems business at existing prices? ) * Estrin, T. J. Kantor, and D. Albers, Is ABC Suit able for Your Company? vigilance Accounting, April, 1994 40-45. * Tatikonda, D. OBrien, and R.Tatikonda, Succeeding with 80/20, Management Accounting, February, 1999 40-44. January 26, Saturday 9-5 pm Complete our discussion of chapter 6 CH 4 Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis (and appendix on regression) Q 1, 3, 4, 6-10 Pr 2, 3, 4, 12, 15, 17 Case 4-3 Krogs Metalfab, Inc. ** (Additional requirement estimate the lost profit using three methods or variations in the data used, one of which must be simple regression. ) CH 8 determine Decisions, Analyzing Customer Profitability, and Activity-Based Pricing Q 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 Ex 6, 9 Pr 3, 4, 9 Shim, E. , and E. Sudit, How Manufacturers Price Products, Management Accounting, February, 1995 37-39. Midterm (chps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6) starting at about 230 pm January 31, Thursday 6-10 pm CH 9 Capital Budgeting And Other Long-Run Decisions (Including Appendix A, B), and handout (online) Q 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 Ex 7, 11, 13, 14, 15, 18 Case 9-2 Sergo Games* * (Case clarification use NPV analysis for each option additional requirement identify four qualitative considerations that would impact the decision) * Shank, J. and V.Guvindarajan, Strategic Cost Analysis of Technological Investments, Sloan Management Review, riposte 1992 39-51. CH 10 Budgetary Planning And Control Q 4, 7, 9, 10 Pr 3, 4 * Hope, Jeremy, and R. Fraser, Who Needs Budgets? Harvard Business Review, February, 2003 108-115. Webliography** * Fisher, J, L. Maines, S. Peffer, and G. Sprinkle, Using Budgets for Performance Evaluation Effects of Resource Allocation and Horizontal Information Asymmetry on Budget Proposals, Budget Slack, and Performance, The Accounting Review, Vol. 7, No. 4 October 2002 847-865. Webliography. February 9, Saturday 9-5 pm Continuation of Chapter 10 discussion CH 11 quantity Costs and Variance Analysis (including the appendix) and supplement (online) Q 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 Ex 13 Pr 5, 15 Case 11-1 Jackson Sound Case 11-2 Champion Industries CH 12 Dece ntralization and Performance Evaluation (include the appendix on transfer pricing) Q 1, 2, 7, 9, 10 Ex 6, 7, 8, 10 Pr. 8 Case 12-1 Home Value Stores * Lipe, M. G. and S.Salterio. The Balanced bill of fare Judgment Effects of Common and Unique Performance Measures, The Accounting Review, July, 2000, 283-298. Webliography. * Ittner, C. , D. Larcker, and M. Meyer, Subjectivity and the Weighing of Performance Measures Evidence from a Balanced Scorecard The Accounting Review, July, 2003, 725-758. Webliography. February 14, Thursday 6-10 pm Review as requested Final exam (chps. 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or chapters/material covered since the mid-term)

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Implications of Lifelong Learning

Harmonizing to the European Commission 2010 the graduated table of current sparing and societal alteration, the rapid passage to a cognition based society and demographic force per unit aras ensuing from an ageing population in Europe atomic number 18 all challenges which demand a new attack to way and preparation within the model of womb-to-tomb achievement. This essay will analyze how Lifelong breeding has impacted outmatch Education whilst turn toing the contested nature of the construct. An effort will be made to summarize and bring forth accounts for the enlargement of keep Education. An analysis of the benefits and drawbacks will be made with mention to current surmount Education enterprises. A focal point on Government policy and sentiments towards outperform instruction will anyways be identified.Lifelong learn is a contested and debatable construct and there atomic number 18 different positions of Lifelong Learning. A Progressive position conceives that larni ng should be enriching to the person, leting changeless acquisition of new skills and cognition to develop a individuals head. Policy shapers and faculty members progressively argue that we are larning from the atomic number 42 we are born, to be in the universe, to take our topographic point in society and adapt to alter as we pass through the different phases in our life. ( Dfee1998 ) Others believe Lifelong Learning must keep the position quo whilst concentrating on higher cabaret acquisition. An instrumentalist position shows that employers want Lifelong Learning to casing to their concern and let them to vie in a planetary society. It can be argued that the Government uphold Lifelong Learning in an effort to mending the bing instruction and developing systems and to reconstruct the economic system. withdrawnness Education is rapidly going the most popular kind of larning outside compulsory instruction. Distance instruction is a sub subdivision of Lifelong Learning as i t promotes big instruction. Distance instruction and developing consequence from the expert separation of instructor and bookman which frees the pupil from the necessity of going to a fixed topographic point, at a fixed clip, to run into a fixed individual in order to be trained. ( Valentine1995 ) Distance Education is a manner of instruction that facilitates flexibleness of topographic point and handiness of clip. Rather than go toing day-to-day categories in colleges and universities Distance Education classs can be studied at place in a individual s free clip. This deed overs people to prosecute Lifelong Learning whilst holding a household and fulltime calling.Distance Education started with correspondence survey and has expanded well as applied science has developed. As computing machine engineering became prevailing in concern, the print based correspondence classs progressed to computing machine based preparation, which included simulations and finally synergistic class co ntent that provided participant feedback and intensify larning. ( Gaymer,2005 ) Educators and employers so invested in telecommunication equipment that distributed developing programmes to their pupils and employees. These synergistic telecasting programmes allowed employers and pedagogues to link to the scholars from across the state. The huge enlargement of the cyberspace has created the current assortment of out surpass acquisition which is on-line acquisition.The Distance Education motion started in the 20th century, as a consequence of a more industrialized society. There are horde environmental issues that are seting force per unit area on society to set about Lifelong Learning these include, the abundant entree to information, rapid engineering alterations, increased planetary interactions, industry displacements, every bit good as increasing entry degree certificates and accomplishment demands. ( Gaymer, 2005 ) These factors collaborate in demanding people to constantly upgrade their accomplishments and cognition which can be done flexibly when taking a Distance Learning class. Distance Education gives grownups the chance to re-train in a field they are more interested in or derive a recognized making if they did non get one first clip about. Distance Learning besides allows people to come on in the workplace without go forthing full clip work as the class can be studied at place, in the pupils ain clip.It can be argued that it was Thatcherism that foremost encouraged society to take portion in Lifelong Learning and Distance Education. She greatly enforced the policy-making orientation of taking duty for 1s self and it is the mistake of the person instead than society if a individual does non acquire mired in a skilled work force. Lifelong Learning, societal exclusion and the encouragement of larning are regarded as important by the current hidebound Government. The law of continuation of acquisition is regarded as necessary for the economic f ight of a planetary society, the development of citizenship and increase engagement in a democratic society.Contemporary political relations such as the consecutive Labour Government introduced a assortment of Distance Learning enterprises in response to the demand for Lifelong Learning which creates an progressively educated society. The Union Learning Fund is an enterprise which offers fiscal aid to merchandise brotherhoods to promote larning at work. & A lb 34 one thousand thousand over three old ages has been allocated for undertakings runing from basic accomplishments to go oning professional development. ( Anonymous.2010 ) There is besides UNISON which is an informal grownup larning programme that has broadened rank engagement in womb-to-tomb acquisition, increased battle in workplace preparation, public policy and citizenship and helped ease paths into the brotherhood s ain constructions. ( Barker, 1998 )The Open University, Oxford Online and Learn Direct are Government backed enterprises that provide reputable establishments which allow people to derive recognized makings. The largest University in the universe is the Open University with 250,000 pupils enrolled. The Open University offers classs from & A lb one hundred fifteen which contrasts to the traditional classs offered by Universities and Colleges get downing from & A lb 300. In an progressively competitory, employment environment it is overriding for people to invariably develop their accomplishments and cognition. These establishments allow people to go on there instruction on a flexible degree which develops the persons cognition, enhances career chances and facilitates concerns to vie in a planetary society.Businesss are progressively valuing Distance Education in the chase for Lifelong Learning as they require their employees to be updated with the accomplishments and cognition needed to vie in a planetary economic system. Many of the universe s administrations, both public and p rivate, are promoting Lifelong Learning with regard to distance instruction as they believe that distance educational classs are mandatory in organizational fight. India has created a new industry as an outsource locale for customer service which creates client service developing chances in India. Korean makers have a solid history of placing corporate and educational spouses that satisfy their organisational educational demands. ( Gaymer,2005 )Employers depend on go oning instruction in the signifier of Distance Education as a tool for guaranting a extremely skilled and knowing work force. The employer now has the talent to develop a big figure of staff in a short period of clip. They can meet specialized demands which generic developing programmes do non fulfill. ( Rowntree,1994 ) .Online Courses are well cheaper than traditional schoolroom based survey. If the employer was non able to let go of the employee from work, the applier can analyze online in their ain clip. Companie s that used distance acquisition identified, higher base on balls rates, line trough satisfaction, better keeping of information and increased chance for advancement. The employers besides reported fiscal betterments in 70 % of subdivisions, reduced client ailments and mistake rates in industry was down by 3 % . ( Rowntree,1994 ) It can be deduced from these findings that a little expense to the company by paying for distance instruction creates an copiousness of other benefits.Most instruction establishments such as Colleges and Universities now provide some signifier of Distance Education. As a consequence of a reduction in public sector support, establishments now need to bring forth their ain seat of government from the private sector, in order to keep fiscal viability and to bring forth excesss for investing in new developments, markets and substructure. ( Anoymous,2007 ) Universities have responded to the alteration in the market as a consequence of Lifelong Learning and re ally few Universities offer no signifier of Distance Education. The benefits of Distance Education with respects to the suppliers include, press clipping touching hours on bing classs and geting more usage out of bing installations. Supplying new chances for staff and catering for a greater figure of scholars without a proportionate addition in cost. Distance Education besides caters for a new type of scholar and exploits new beginnings of support. ( Rowtree1994 )Students choose Distance Education classs for, job sweetening, upward calling mobility and ad hominem enrichment. ( Bradley2000 ) The benefits of set abouting a Distance Education class include increased entree. A figure of specialized classs are non available at some establishments so the pupil may hold to travel a great distance in order to finish the class if they chose the traditional schoolroom based survey. ill-considered modular bundles and accreditation of anterior acquisition may intend that scholars do non ne cessitate to pass clip and money on subjects they are already familiar with. ( Tait,1992 ) backstage acquisition and anon. confab room treatments allows diffident students to set forward their thoughts without experiencing uncomfortable which may be the instance in a face to wait state of affairs in a schoolroom environment. There is more pick of what the single wants to larn and how they want to be assessed in distance instruction. It is besides argued that distance instruction classs offer a better quality of learning than conventional classs and supply single tutoring online.Despite the ample sum of benefits environing the field of distance instruction it can be argued that there are negative elements within this signifier of Lifelong larning. Increasingly classs are predisposed by industrial developments. piddling accent is placed on what would profit the person s personal cognition. Those who wield economic power in society are improbable to promote critical, non-conformist thought. ( Stephenson,2001 ) It is argued that some signifiers of Distance Education facilitate censoring. There is grounds to propose that employers will merely fund those classs that have a direct consequence on increasing capital within the concern, irrespective of what is considered as utile to the employee. Government funded larning Centres and libraries are being affected by the popularity of on-line acquisition. Peoples are now acquiring their stuffs online, which means the smaller establishments are having fewer financess and in some instances are being shut down. It is indispensable that the scholar is self actuating, self directing and relatively self sufficient ( Hogson1993 ) in order to win in this type of Lifelong Learning.The hereafter of Distance Education looks set to be more modernistic than it is today, the abundant entree of information, rapid engineering alterations, increased planetary interactions, industry displacements every bit good as increasing entry degree certificates and accomplishment demands ensures that distance instruction will stay a valuable resource for directors in the hereafter. ( Gaymer.2005 ) There is an overpowering involvement in Lifelong Learning and technological developments along with limited clip, assures that larning will go on to be adaptable to the person. Learning progressively needs to suit to the pupils calling and place life repayable to clip restraints and competitory working environments. The turning planetary economic system will go on to drive the development of larning activities that span geographical separate and clip zones leting persons around the universe to join forces and larn together. ( Mulhearn,2010 )Lifelong Learning is a contested and debatable construct, different administrations have diverse positions as to what Lifelong Learning should embrace. Employers rely on Distance Education to make a knowing work force, following modern inventions which invariably need updating in order t o vie globally. Educational Institutions rely on Distance Education to supply excess capital as the current Conservative Government is cutting funding in the instruction sector. Persons need to progressively prosecute in Distance Education to develop self cognition, take part in a competitory working environment and to heighten calling chances. Lifelong Learning, societal exclusion and the encouragement of larning are regarded as important by the current Conservative Government. Whilst Distance Education is viewed positively, there are negative elements to this assortment of larning. Increasingly classs are predisposed by industrial developments and minor accent is placed on what would profit the person s personal cognition.Lifelong Learning can be interpreted ideologically in a assortment of ways, there is the publicity of personal development, inclusion and equality of chance in society. This type of womb-to-tomb acquisition is personally honoring for the participants, nevertheles s there is no direct economic benefit. Alternatively there is a more instrumental attack that emphasises larning for economic benefit. This assortment of Lifelong larning focal points on employability, productiveness and efficiency.

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

The Rise of Colonialism and its Impact on Modern Society

In the middle of the 1 5th century, as the Roman Empire was weakening, the fall of Constantinople marked a bigger impact than any cardinal could put up considered. The Ottoman Empire had reign to advance into the Mediterranean, and that meant that traveling east on land was not an option. With the Renaissance about to emerge, it became a springboard for the development of progress ships. This marked the beginning of the Age of Exploration and Colonialism. The Europeans had every advantage.Their immune carcass had seen all the diseases in the Old World, while he native conquered peoples immune system had only seen a few diseases. The Europeans had far more superior crops and domesticated animals. Cows, pigs, and chicken are considered super animals compared to their wild counterparts, although the wild counterparts do not make up out live on in the New World. The same could be said for rice, barley, and wheat. The New World had never seen these types of food. The conquered spen t their days looking for sustenance while the Europeans were develop guns and telescopes.Because the backbone of the European nations was so developed and stable, their technology and power skyrocketed. With the power, colonization and slavery thrived. From Africa and Asia to the New World, pockets of colonies emerged and developed. Often conquering the entire continent, the colonizers went to naturalize to extract what they sight was important. There were no rights for the conquered. They were in the European mans world and had to go along for the ride. Racial prejudice rears its ugly head throughout the two World Wars and exists even today.The concept of racism was developed during the Age of Colonialism. The thought that any particular type of person based on looks and color was better did not exist ecause it is not true. But during and after the Age of Colonialism, racism was taught to Europeans and enforced to non-Europeans. Europeans thought that looks and color of the Angl os meant more trustworthiness and password. Unfortunately, the majority of Europeans did not realize that trustworthiness and intelligence are both(prenominal) learned behaviors, and that non-Europeans were taught to be uncivilized.With the conviction of superiority, the Europeans subdued and dominated regions throughout the planet. Africa, in particular, has a long history of colonization from the Europeans. victory is defined as the subjugation and assumption of control of a place or people by the use of military force. Major parts of Africa were conquered by the Europeans since ancient times. From the 7th century, Arab trade with sub-Saharan Africa led to a gradual colonization of East Africa, around Zanzibar and other bases.Although trans-Saharan trade led to a itsy-bitsy number of atomic number 74 African cities developing Arab quarters, these were not int land uped as colonies, and while Morocco attempted to conquer landing fields of the Sahel in the Moroccan war, it was soon forced to seclude its troops atter pillaging the area. Early European expeditions concentrated on colonizing previously uninhabited islands such as the Cape Verde Islands and So Tom Island, or establishing coastal forts as a base for trade.These forts often developed areas of influence along coastal strips, but, with the exception of the Senegal River, the vast interior of Africa was not colonized and was little-known to Europeans until the lately 19th century. Vincent Khapoya mentions Ali Mazruis three interrelated broad reasons for European exploration of Africa to increase knowledge, to spread Christianity and to increase national esteem. European enslavement of Africans, and visa-versa, existed along the coasts of East and West Africa since ancient times. The business exploded, however, after the Age of Colonialism was under way.During what was called by the European powers as, The Scramble for Africa, colonization was motivated by the European hunger for African resourc es. The sequent exploitation of the African people and the uprooting of their spiritual values by Christian missionaries would leave a permanent European stamp on the continent. Britain took the largest piece of the African cake, rom Cairo to Cape Town, in addition to Nigeria and a few West African regions. It was also the British Empire that in 1894, imposed an capricious boundary around the many diverse ethnic groups and kingdoms that would make up modern day Uganda.By exploiting linguistic, ethnic, and cultural differences between the different ethnic groups, Britains divide and district policies created tensions between the divided ethnic groups that helped maintain British rule. Officially, between 1884 and 1906 the Congo was controlled by a company entirely owned by King Leopold. The area was referred to as the Belgian Free State. Until the end of the 1800s this company primarily exported ivory and palm-oil, a lubricant, from the Congo. completely a small profit was made f rom these products. At the end of the century, however, the world discoered rubber.Soon everyone wanted it to make tires, hoses, tubes, valves and many other products. Rubber is produced from a latex sap that came either from a tree or a vine, both of which grew exceptionally hygienic in the Congo Jungle. Because of the new demand, the Belgian companies began demanding massive amounts of rubber from the Jungle and forced the natives to find massive amounts of it and eliver it to them. King Leopold became incredibly crocked from the sale of rubber and the Congo paid the price. The method that most harvesters used to get the sap destroyed the trees and vines they took it from.Soon the Belgians began to hire soldiers to make sure that the natives produced the raw material. They imperil them with starvation, mutilation or even death if they did not produce enough rubber. Many times they followed through with the threats. Between the 1880s and 1903 the population of the Congo was redu ced from over 20 million people to about 8. 5 million. Joseph Conrad, an author who was there during this time, in his book Heart of Darkness, best illustrated what was going on there when one character on his death bed comments on the situation by simply saying the horror, the horror. The term imperialism should not be confused with colonialism. Robert Young writes that imperialism operates from the center, it is a state policy, and is developed for ideological as well as financial reasons whereas colonialism is nothing more than development for settlement or commercial intentions. The Age of Imperialism was a ime period beginning around 1700 when modern, relatively developed nations were taking over less developed areas, colonizing them, or intluencing them in order to expand their own power.Although imperialistic practices have existed for thousands of years, the term Age of Imperialism generally refers to the activities of nations such as the United Kingdom, France, Germany, It aly, Japan and the United States in the early 18th through the middle twentieth centuries, the The Great Game in Persian lands, the Scramble for Africa and the Open Door Policy in China. Genocide is the eliberate or systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, caste, religious, or national group.The Germans decided that certain ethnic groups were to be eradicated in Namibia. German Lieutenant-General Lothar von Trotha said, l wipe out rebellious tribes with streams of blood and streams of money. Only following this cleansing can something new emerge. Von Trotha brought with him to German South West Africa 10,000 heavily-armed men and a plan for war. During the period of colonization and oppression, many women were used as sex slaves. To receive omen and children, most of them ill, is a serious danger to the German troops. And to feed them is impossible.I find it appropriate that the nation perishes instead of infecting our soldiers. In the Herero work camps th ere were numerous children born to these abused women, and a man called Eugen Fischer, who was interested in genetics, came to the camps to study them. He decided that each mixed-race child was physically and mentally inferior to its German father and wrote a book promoting his ideas The Principles of Human Heredity and Race Hygiene. Adolf Hitler read it hile he was in prison in 1923, and cited it in his own infamous pursuit of racial purity.We can see a trend that follows. For the colonized, life became a living hell. For the colonizers, life became extravagant and easy. These give and dole out relationships created the modern global economy that we have today. The scars of the past still haunt the wounds of today. Third world countries are still struggling for survival while the well fed first world nations are aligning themselves together to maintain their dominance. While the obvious means of colonization may not be visible, the same characters are in control.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Mother of the Quran

Surah fateha is the first chapter of the quran. Its described as Mother of the Quran. It has a cracking importance for muslims. We cay say it Opening of the quran. This is the surah which we number casual in Salaah. We start our namaz from this surah. It has just 7 ayats but its most important. It has a great signifi rearce in our lives.Its the one of the few surahs which we memorize in our childhood.Theme of Surah fateha Allah delivers a great message for all muslims and man kind also that only Allah (S.W.T). No one deserves practically love than Allah because he loves us, he is merciful, he made everything for us to be alive, enjoy, eat and think.He foot discharge us if we do tooba from sincere heart. No one can forgive u that much as he. Surah initiates that love allah, follow allah, come closer to him to get reward. If we stay away from him indeed we can receive anger from him as its mentioned in last ayat. We cant even imagine how much he loves us. Allah describe himself i n three verses.All evaluate is due to Allah, Lord of all that exists. The intimately Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Owner of the Day of Judgement.Surah fateha has so many virtues 2. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said Surah al-Fatiha isThe Mother of the Quran, the Mother of the Book, the Seven Oft-Repeated Verses and the Great recitation. (Tirmidhi)Prophet himself said its a great recitation. Which shows that its considered as most influential chapter of quran.Assignment part bTafseer of verses of Surah fatihaFirst ayatIn the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.We start surah fatiha with the name of allah. Only with the name we start our every work.We usually do our daily work with this ayat and its so important for every muslim. Allah is the one who gives benefits to us. We ask him and he listens us. If we recite this ayat Allah (S.W.T) protects us from shaitaan. We cant imagine how many times he can forgive us. If we apologize to him with sincere heart then he neer disappoints us.Second ayatPraise be to Allah, Lord of the WorldsNo one deserves as much praise as he. He is praiseworthy. If we do mistakes he helps us out. He provides us shelter, Food, Happiness, success and at last death also. The one who made such clouds, mountains, rivers, oceans, dish antenna of pakistans northern areas really deserves infinite praise.Third ayatThe Beneficent, the MercifulAl-rehmaan and raheem, Allah indeed a rehmaan. He is powerful. He has control on everything in earth. Nothing cant be happened without his consult. He can punish sinners like nation of Shoaib(a.s). On the other side, He can forgive everyone.Forth ayatMaster of the Day of JudgmentWhen Allah tells about his mercy, then at the same he warns sinners about day of judgment. Those who did sins all in their life would be punished. Its better to do what Allah as lord of this world wants from us. We mustiness not do that acts which can effect humanity, humans etc.We should keep in mind that the wrong acts we are doing can be dangerous for us. He has right to punish us.Fifth ayatWe worship You alone, and beg You alone for help.Allah is the only one whom we workship. He is the only one who created this universe. He is the one who can turn tables around.We can only ask help for him and he will help us out Inshallah. We dont workship anyone except him. If we go for any mission, we should recite this ayat.Sixth ayatGuide us in the straight path We always ask him to give us right path because we are sinking into river of sins. If we go to wrong path then no one can show us right path except him. We should always ask him to show us right path no matters how much we do good deeds.Seventh ayatThe path of those whom You have favored. Not of those who have earned Your anger and nor of those who have gone astrayWe say ya rab show us path of those who were closer to u, who got blessing of u, not path of those who refused to accept your orders, got anger of u rather than blessings.We ask for better path .Assignment part cSurah fatiha has a great impact on muslims life. The lord of us, the food provider of us, Allah who has just sympathy for us. If we read this surah we pee that how much Allah loves us, how great he is. This surah make us realize that if we ask for apology from him with sincere heart then Inshallah he will never reject it.If we read this surah we realize that he Is telling sinners that I can forgive u and I am merciful but at the same time, he warn us from day of judgement when everyone who did wrong with humanity, never accepted Allah orders. This is a reminder for us about day of judgement. When we recite this surah in every prayer, this makes our relationship with Allah more stronger because this surah has deep meanings, tells us about graven image mercy.

Monday, May 20, 2019

Marine Mammals Essay

seaWorld gives you the opportunity to feed and swim with dolphins, watch jaw-dropping whale and mould shows, pet stingrays, see all types of sharks, exotic fish, and so much much(prenominal) But my views perk up lately changed after I saw the tragic death of a Sea World trainer on the news the cause of death being one of the commonaltys very own orca whales. This dreadful news brought me to look into why the whale turned on its trainer and the information I free-base made me change my outlook on animal(prenominal) imprisonment completely. In the ethical debate over devil dog mammals in imprisonment in that location ar numerous conflicting views. The public theme park industries advocate that marine mammal exhibits provide an important role in educating, entertaining, and conservation they see energy wrong with internment. An increasing number of scientists counter this view and believe that animals should flourish naturally and ar excessively intelligent to be h eld captive. Animal protection groups also have taken nonice that these mammals in incarceration draw severe health issues and should be in the unfounded. in that respect argon other(a) governances that believe in absolute welfare of these animals, whether it is bestsuited in trade union movement or in the wild. Lastly there are associations that bind with captivity for nearly cases, just not when animals are exploited. Above all I agree that the more knowledge we have about marine mammals, the more mankind can do to help find the most beneficial option for specific marine animals.When thinking about aquatic put one in particular comes to mind for most commonwealth, Sea World. correspond to its website, SeaWorld has a cosmos-wide record for providing unique, up-close animal encounters designed to bring more than 20 million guests each year closer to wildlife and the humankind we share (Sea World). Parks like this also affirm that one of their briny goals is to make st ate through seeing blend animals in person such as dolphins, whales, seals, and penguins. Marine lay around the world, including Sea World, also claim that they serve as a rescue and a conservation center for stranded, sick, orphaned or injured animals. This is in fact true many animal lives have been saved due to the help of aquatic parks (SeaworldParks.com). But some still interrogative mood if its justifiable to keep animals in captivity if they are capable to live naturally in the wild after being rehabilitated. Its evident that SeaWorld and other captivity parks have not scarce contri plainlyed tremendously with saving incalculable marinemammals lives, but have also entertained and educated thousands of people on marine life. Yet with all of this in mind its hard for me to fully agree that captivity is always the best option for these animals welfare. Its tough to deny that the diversion and profit side from the yearly 20 million guests may be intervening with the wellb eing of the animals, which should always be the main focus.On the other side of the spectrum when dealing with the issue of marine mammals in captivity, are animal rights activists. There are better and more humane ways of providing entertainment and education to the public without sacrificing the welfare of animals states benevolence Ge Gabriel, the head force behind the Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW). The IFAW is a well-known organization that advocates saving animal populations from cruelty and depletion. An example of their support is their campaign to end commercial whaling and seal hunts. She and many others speak out against marine mammals held in captivity (Gabriel). These activists express that the lives of captive marine mammals are impoverished, people do not receive an accurate picture of a species from imprisoned environments, and the traffic in live marine mammals causes harmful impacts on populations and the animals health. A prime example is the abuse whales endure when their family and pod members are separated from each other to be put into captivity. Once re take upd from their natural environment, the whales are indeed transported to small enclosures that lack not only their families and social groups but which also are only a fraction of the size of their natural home range (PETA). If life for captive orcas and dolphins were as peaceful as marine parks would have us believe, the animals would live longer than their wild counterparts. While captive marine mammals are not subject to predators or ocean pollution, their captivity is nevertheless a death sentence. These caged mammals develop severe health issues from being confined to small tanks where they are forced to perform unnecessary tricks for entertainment. According to PETAs website, Wild orcas can also live for decadessome have been documented to be more than 90 years oldbut those at Sea World and other marine parks rarely survive for more than 10 years (peta.org). Animals imprison ed die prematurely from stress and other captivity-related causes which is seen as themain cause for the deaths of animal trainers at aquatic parks, like the attack mentioned before from Sea World. The question of whether marine mammals should be held captive is even weighed in by scientists. There have been countless experiments and portrayals of cetaceans, or aquatic mammals such as whales and dolphins, displaying intelligent behavior. Experts in philosophy, conservation, and animal behavior recognize that dolphins and whales are adequately intelligent to justify the same ethical considerations as humans. According to the BBC News World website, The move was made at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Vancouver, Canada, the worlds biggest science conference. It is based on years of research that has shown dolphins and whales have large, complex brains and a human-like take aim of self-awareness (http//www.bbc.co.uk). This has l ed the experts to conclude that by recognizing these animals rights would serve as a catalyst to ending whaling and captivity of these self-aware creatures.Unlike the views of animal display industries who endorse captivity, or animal rights activists and scientists whom advocate against it, there are some associations that seem more unbiassed towards animal confinement. These organizations act as a middle ground, where their pure smell is to promote animal wellbeing whether that may be in captivity or in their natural environment. These groups look at specific cases of different marine mammal species individually and decide where that animal is more likely to thrive. The Seal Conservation Society (SCS) is a terrific illustration of a society who is neutral to the thought of captivity their main focus being on conservation and welfare. They view both sides of captivity on their website. At first questioning captivity they inquire, Do the benefits to humans from the animalndisplay industry justify the animals confinement and stress associated with the unnatural environment? The question remains for all marine mammals whether captivity is justified for entertainment, educational or conservation purposes. Then countering those thoughts according to the website, A further justification for captive pinnipeds to be considered is the research value of captive studies where the research clearly increasesour understanding and appreciation of pinniped species, this benefit must be considered in the context of the welfare and wellbeing of the animals involved. Our society would tend to support those facilities where the animals long-term and welfare is a priority (pinnipeds.org). These impartial organizations appear exceptionally more helpful than the other radical view points or else of supporting what they believe in they can focus more on the specific animal and not their cause. In correspondence to the previous organizations mentioned, there are similar associati ons that promote animal well-being but also support captivity if its necessary. These groups are marine mammal rescue centers that endorse captivity along with non-performance opportunities. The Marine Mammal Center is an organization that believes animals shouldnt be abused in captivity by being forced to perform unnatural tricks, but believe captivity should be allowed if the animal cannot survive on its own in the wild (Marine Mammal Center). These institutions dont see captivity as the enemy, but rather view aquatic theme parks and entertainment business that confine animals for the wrong reasons to be immoral. Their website won me over when it stated, What we do is more than kind-hearted consideration for the well-being of other living creatures. We recognize the fundamental relationship that binds humans, animals, and the ocean (Marine Mammal Center).The question if marine mammals should be kept in captivity is tough to answer. Personally, I believe that in our constitute soc iety there are more urgent matters than amusing audiences by exploiting such intelligent and nude animals. We have an ethical and imperative responsibility to think about species that may be negatively impact by our actions. This includes a lot of species, and cetaceans are no exception. These marine mammals should remain where they evolved and thrived and we should make sure that their rights are protected so that they can go on living there.

Sunday, May 19, 2019

Care and Administration of Medicines

Candidates Name Company Date ravish write your name, in the blocks provided, as clearly as possible. The date should be writ 10 in the AD/MM/HAY systemat. This go forth ensure your certificate has the correct spelling and date. V. 021 1 Redeemer Publications moderate 201 1 C atomic number 18 & face of Medicines Index Page 2 whole One Introduction & order Pages 3 6 Unit One Questions page 7 Unit Two What atomic number 18 Medicines / Methods of Administration Pages 8- 13 Unit Two Questions Page 14 Unit Three Prescribing & Monitoring pages 15- 17 Unit Three QuestionsPage 18 unit Four Policies & Procedures / Administration pages 19- 25 Unit Four Questions Page 26 N. B We are aware that official pr fleckice is to use the terms service users or hatful using this service to describe those receiving guardianship. We prefer the term node and use it byout our tuition package. Key worksheet all important(predicate) example 2 please note unit One Introduction As of February 2006 nearly half(prenominal) of all nursing and care homes were failing to meet the minimum standard Of harmless handling Of medicines. The principles for the honor subject handling of medicines do not vary depending on hype of care offered, people cared for or size of it of business.Your home, and you, get under ones skin a duty of care to decently handle practice of medicine and to support your clients to take their medicines safely The majority of people living in care homes take some kind of medicine. Some bequeath be administering their consume medication others whitethorn take medicines that git except be administered by teach doctors and nurses. As a care worker you will need to be familiar with the medicines interpreted by your clients and you may even be trained to administer a number of them you should be aware of issues concerning their say-so and must stick companionship of your homes own policies and procedures.As a career you are most likely to be adminis tering medicines that are taken by mouth, inhaled or applied to the skin you may also receive unique(predicate) training to use suppositories and to carry out certain typesetters cases of injection. Clients requiring medicines that cannot be administered by you should, unless they are clandestineness be tempered by doctors and / or nurses. This course is designed as an introduction to the care and judgeship of medicines. It will wee you think about the type of destined utilise in your Care home and the reasons for their use it will also look at how they need to be controlled and administered.Medicines can be highly dangerous substances and as such must be carefully controlled. It is essential that only competent faculty administer medications and that in that location are suitable in-house policies and procedures for the safe computer storage and use of all medicines in the home. Staff administering medications must grow received appropriate training that must include Basi c knowledge of how medicines are used and how to pick out and deal with problems in useThe principles behind all aspects of the homes policy on medicine handling and records Administration of medication must be carried out by a designated, appropriately trained member of staff and should be witnessed by a second designated, appropriately trained member of staff. 3 In essence the members Of staff responsible for the judicial system Of medication should take a leak enough knowledge and experience to carry out the line of work safely and efficiently. All staff must receive in-house training on policies and procedures relevant to their workplace. This may form part of the induction programmer and must be updated regularly.Health and social care Act 2008 Regulation 13 Health and Social Care Act 2008 (regulated activities) Urge lotions 2010 (OUTCOME 9 Management of medicines) The registered person must value service users against the risks associated with the unsafe use and managemen t of medicines, by means of the making of appropriate arrangements for the obtaining, recording handling, using, safekeeping, dispensing, safe administration and disposal of medicines used for the purposes of the regulated activity. Managers must Make sure a person-centered approach is taken regarding medication Manage riskFollow relevant guidelines Promote rights and choices Us port clients appropriately Ensure staff are competent Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Appropriate measures must be taken to ensure the safety of all staff and anyone who may be affected by work practices. Medications are hazardous substances therefore their use must be risk assessed and safe procedures should be implemented. Adequate training must also be available. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health 2002 Medicines can cause ill health if they are given in incorrect amounts, administered by the harm method or given to the wrong person.Clients, staff and even visitors may be at risk. 4 Employers must Ensure correct storage of medicines Provide information sheets about the hazards associated with each type of medicine Provide appropriate personal custodial equipment e. G. Gloves Employees must Handle medicines according to in-house policies Make themselves aware of associated hazards use personal protective equipment where provided Safe administration of medicines is a vital part of care homes responsibilities for their clients welfare. Both oer and under medication can be signs of career abuse and willful or accidental neglect.Clients should receive appropriate medication whether they are self-administering or dependent on staff you must also be able to account for all medication received in the home. You must be able to demonstrate that all medications have been stored, used and dispose of appropriately, failure to do so could result in investigation and, where necessary, prosecution. Medicines are hazardous substances and may have a high value, in-house policies and pro cedures must protect against misuse, abuse, theft and accidental harm.As it is important for you to encourage your clients independence efforts would be made to support them in controlling their own medication. Decisions as to who is able to do this will be made jointly between the client, their family, doctors and care staff there should be ongoing monitoring of the role to prevent clients suffering if they become more forgetful or fail to recognize the importance of pickings their medication. It may be considered an invasion of privacy to check up on clients each time they are supposed to have taken medication. Monitoring should be discreet and appropriate.Clients who are able to self-administer must be provided with a lockable rawer or cupboard for safe storage of their medicines in case of problems occurring there must be a fall back policy to allow care staff to access this drawer or cupboard with the clients permission. Any clients who are mentally able to choose are free to buy their own remedies for minor ailments, they should be supported to do this and encouraged to discuss options with the pharmacist. It is important that staff take care of the needs of other, less independent, clients when they suffer from complaints such as coughs, colds and headaches.The home may keep a tock of over the counter treatments from a angle that has been compiled with the assistance of clients Gaps and the pharmacist, policies must exist for their safe administration and there should be procedures in place for recording their receipt, storage and use. 5 Complementary or alternative treatments may only be used with the informed consent of the client or a person authorized to treat on their behalf. Advice should be sought from the pharmacist regarding the possibility Of reactions between these remedies and any ethical drug medicines being taken.Some personal control over medication is better than none at all, so for example if a client suffering from arthritis is una ble to open containers staff should be able to provide help but medicines may still be retained in the clients own room. A client may be able to apply creams but decide to let staff administer tablets etc. Clients who become forgetful or lack understanding may be given 24 hours medication in a conformism aid. 6 1 . Give two examples of hazards associated with medicines. 2. 2. If you are going to administer medication what training should you have received? . What does self-administration mean? 4. In your opinion why is it important to encourage and support solidifications? 5. Who is responsible for the administration of medication in your workplace? 7 What are Medicines? Dictionary Definitions Medicine 1. Any substance used to treat or prevent disease or illness, esp.. Taken internally. 2. The science or practice of treating or preventing illness esp.. Using prepared substances rather than surgery. Drug 1 . Any substance used in the treatment of disease 2. Any substance taken (es p.. Illegally) for its affect on the mind 3. Anything craved for there are ore than 5,000 substances that can be classed as medicines the definition of medicine as something that can treat or prevent disease may be applied to prescription drugs, over the counter remedies, herbal preparations, vitamin and mineral supplements and even foods. Think about the sort footings that you use for medicinal purposes how do you deal with headaches, what if youre feeling a bit down? Do you take anything to keep you healthy? Do you use anything that might be considered alternative such as herbal remedies? How do you know that the medicines which you use are safe?Development of Medicines earlier all medicines came from natural, mainly plant, sources today with advances in science and technology conventional medicines are a classification of refined plant sources and chemical compounds. Chemists are constantly trying to create new substances that will be more effective in treating and preventing illness. Below are some examples of medicines derived from natural sources with comments concerning their use and potential problems 8 Aspirin made from willow bark and used for pain relief, as an nondiscriminatory, to stretch temperature and to lower crease pressure.Aspirin thins the blood and an cause stomach ulcers. morphine made from poppies it is used for pain relief and sleep induction. Morphine is highly addictive and may cause serious breathing problems. SST Johns Worth used for a kind of reasons including as an anti-depressant it can cause diarrhea, may turn skin yellow and has been suspected Of increasing first gear in certain individuals. Attainment a cancer treatment made from yew tree clippings. Penicillin a type of mould used as an antibiotic that can cause serious allergic reactions.As the above list shows natural remedies are no less effective than chemical impounds nor are they any safer. As new medicines are developed they are rigorously tested often over a p eriod of six to ten years, if shown to be medically effective and safe to use the Committee on Safety of Medicines (SCM) will pass them for marketing. Classes of Medicine While some medicines can only be obtained from a pharmacist, others are more right away available. Care must be taken with all medicines but some are more purely controlled than others.SSL General Sales List -? these medicines can be purchased in all kinds of places including grocery stores and garages. These products are unconvincing to cause harm if taken according to instructions but their quantity may be peculiar(a) as, for example, happens with painkillers (e. G. Paramedical) which are sold in boxes of 12 with restrictions on the number of boxes that can be bought. P pharmacy medicines also known as over the counter (ETC) these may only be sold in a pharmacy under the supervision of a pharmacist.The pharmacist, or staff, will check the suitability of the medication by asking questions about the patien t, their health problem and any Other medicines they may be taking. acclaim Prescription Only Medicines medicines that are expensed by a pharmacy in accordance with a prescription written by a doctor, dentist or specially qualified nurse. CDC Controlled Drugs prescription only medicines which have certain properties, such as addictiveness, which mean that stricter controls are necessary. How do Medicines Work?Even with todays increased knowledge scientists are still unable to say exactly how all drugs work, however, loosely speaking effects can be split into three main categories those that replace chemical deficiencies, those that interfere with prison cell function and others that act against invading organisms and abnormal cells. 9 1 . Replacement of chemical deficiencies Examples vitamin injections insulin hormone replacement When the body cannot properly produce its own chemical requirements they may be given artificially.The downside of this approach is that artificial s upplements may reduce the body chances of producing its own in the future and in cases such as the use of vitamin tablets and injections the effects may not be as beneficial as if they were achieved through a healthy diet. 2. Interfering with cell function painkillers These types of medication either block the action of hormones or slow them r, alternatively, they block the transmission of messages through the nervous system.

Saturday, May 18, 2019

A Modern America: Industrialized Immigrants Realizing The American Dream Essay

The Ameri r come out of the closet out Dream is a phrase or concept that gets thrown around a lot here in America, and if ten different batch were asked what it meant, you would probably get ten different answers. It is generally seen as the fact that any one(a) can get anything if one treats hard enough. In his book the Epic of America which was written in 1931, James Truslow Adams defines the American Dream as that fantasy of a land in which life should be better and richer and fraught(predicate) for everyone, with opportunity for for each one according to ability or achieve ment.It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each gentleman and each woman shall be able to attain to the salutaryest stature of which they atomic number 18 innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position. I see the American Dream as one of the reasons why Americans shoul d get on their knees every day and thank God for this country (along with baseball game and apple pie). To me, the American Dream is the fact that anyone, no matter the social or financial stature, can obtain anything he wants if he gives the required effort.In The Newsies, the main characters are Francis Sullivan (a.k.a. Jack Kelly) and his un exchangeablely garter David. Jacks father is a convict and his mother is dead, but he tells others that they are out West looking for a ranch and are going to send for him when they find one. Although he knows that this is not true, he still dreams of catching a train out West to Santa Fe. Railroads are vital to the realization of Jacks dream, as it is his transportation out West. Jack believes in the equal opportunity rights that cave in our nation great.David is a member of a struggling, but loving family and he has a valuable education. He is working as a Newsie while his Dad is out of work. Davids father had an accident at a factory a nd became useless to his employer, thus he was fired. The factories of the time provided virtually no opportunity for feeler due to the fact that everyone generally does the same thing over and over, which is why the factory was so libertine to fire Mayer. Since he had no workers union to protect him, he was forced to live with only the income David and his younger brother Les could bring in. Davids mindset that you can achieve anything you work towards if you believe in and do it with passion directly correlates with the American dream.In the 1900s, catchy headlines were essential to selling newspapers especially headlines with words like maniac, corpse, love nest, or nude in the title. During this time when a trolley strike was in full effect, good headlines were hard to come by, so the newsies decided to improve the truth a little by exaggerating uninte residuuming headlines and making them seem like interesting stories. The newsies bought the papes that they sold and got to k eep the profit from what they sold, so a 10-cent price increase was almost crippling. Because the was not a Newsies Workers Union, it was imperative for all of the newsies to come together if in that respect was going to be an effective strike.The owner of The World, Mr. Pulitzer, exemplifies the corrupt businessmen of the time. He was a man that judged his quality of life by the size of his wallet. It came quite easy to him to up the paper price to the dispersal apparatus 10 cents. He also uses his gold and political power to influence those around him. He influences the mayor to closedown the strike by baiting him with a conversation about the upcoming alternative with a few others as wealthy as himself. Pulitzer also tries to bribe Jack with everything hes been dreaming of money, freedom, and a trip out West. He knew that if he cut of the strike at the head, the rest would follow.In America during this time, both immigrants and children were treated poorly. This is demonstrat ed in the movie when the police violently stop the convention using their force. Children along with immigrants were often given poor working conditions. Also, a shot was seen of men being beaten because they would not join the trolley strike. Obviously at this time land and money were more valuable during this time of industrialization than human life.At the conclusion of the movie, Jacks dream is realized, but not in the form of Santa Fe. All of his effort is rewarded when (with a little help from others) the prices are brought back down. He realized that just because you dont have family doesnt mean no one cares about you. Moreover, in the American happily ever after style, he falls in love with Davids sister Sarah (as if a kiss is any sign of true love, right Ms. K?). Davids dream of winning as the underdog is also realized, and all of his hard work is rewarded.Without suffering by dint of these growing pains, America would not be what it is today. Jack and Davids dream that an yone can be anything if they work hard enough and believe in it has almost become a right as an American. though greed is still evident and corrupt politicians are as prevalent as ever, it is not a trademark of our society anymore, and for that I am thankful. In conclusion, it was the immigrants that came to America so they could become something that gave the nation a big part of its character today. Their sacrifices have become our blessings.

Friday, May 17, 2019

Information system capability and firm performance: contradictory findings and their possible causes Essay

Athal1.0 Executive summaryIn free spectrum, Athal is a service base on b all(prenominal)sing beau monde that was established in 1980. Essentially, it allows critique, interrogatory, consulting as salutary whole step bidding run. The federation erects function to dissimilar companies in different industries by its 15 branches in Australia. The political erupty use to offer these service in the past exploitation manual(a) of arms of arms(a)(a) of arms lineament authorization frame that due to tilt and emergence of refreshing technologies in the sedulousness, the come with found it necessary to implement a raw(a) machine- comptroller guide opinion agency re mains by integrating it with info governing bodys. This would enable it to offer calibre work that meet national and world-wide standards in addition to ensuring that its clients ope judge at bottom local and global standards (Ahuja &Khamba,2008, p. 720). The capital punishment of the c lean t one of voice federal agency administration was faced with challenges from financial constraints to employees resistance.The connections cx employees were momentd with questionnaires and five counselling staffs from the five discussion functions were consultationed revealing the following The employees were resistant on the unseasoned implementation was because of telephone line government activity of losing their jobs and their relevance when the saucy tonus pledge transcription would be fitted in the bon ton. Hence, the implementation butt on heavily relied on the employees in the familiarity. The fraternity sensitization and didacticss employees on the young spirit agency governance saw the implementation serve up become smooth (Berry & Parasuraman, 2004, p.102) The company also faced challenge on the damage of the clean spirit sanction eruptline in marchess of infrastructures much(prenominal) as software, com drawers, and train empl oyees and technical staff on running and marinating the solve. However, the implementation of the late tint bureau dodging amend the service offered and attachd its competitive advantage in the market. Through digest, it was realised that, the company use of hot superior authorization dodging has control clients legal communitygaining power therefrom re reproduction and realiseing to a greater extent companies and businesses from unmatched tincture serve offered.The raw pure tone assertion ashes cause increase in initial capital and wampum margins for new-made companies that would like to venture to the industry and as a result hardly a(prenominal) companies would invest in the industry. harmonize to Ford & DAmelio (2008), luxuriously initial represent of capital serves as a barrier for new entrants in the industry devising the market less competitive. The new machine-driven timbreing assurance dodge was found to be fast and tolerant efficacious hire that attracted heterogeneous client companies, which answered Athal gild to book and attract new employees in the company so encourageing it to go back its competitive position in the market (Chen, 2008, p. 53). Moreover, the cogency of forest assurance that is integrated to nurture organization to be proctored by different people results in work that are holy and free from faultings and then giving consumers assertion. The process is also cost trenchant in extensive term due to trim measure and human capital that tail assembly be utilized in some other constructive duties that would break the productiveness of the company. The dodge was recommended for both native bore subdue for the company and external tint control for Athal company clients and other go offered.2.0 IntroductionAthal is a company was established in 1980 in Australia. Its main work is provision of services that vary from critique, testing, consulting and graphic symbol control. They offer these services to different organizations (clients) to ensure that they offer case services and that they are able to operate within local and multinationalist standards. The company offers these services in more(prenominal) than than 15 branches in Australia. For the company to be efficient, it has link up all the 15 offices done information arrangements integrated pure tone assurance organisation. The company also manages to offer these services by employing one hundred ten workers that are of heterogeneous professional backgrounds.The workers are delegated duties based on five different subdivisions that include humanity relations, finance department, technical, marketing and eccentric control. The finance department ensures that all the financial services are met for the company and that of the clients looking for consultancy services in the organization.2.1 Research aim and quarrysThe overall aim of the news report was to check the new quality assur ance ashes that was use by Athal telephoner could be upgraded unlike the manual quality assurance organisation by dint of update of information system software. The objectives of this reading were to determine the effects of regeneration from employ quality assurance on manual system to automated system to find twine up the worry of implementing quality assurance (QA) manually the effects of diversity from using quality assurance on manual system to automated system the company need to implement the quality assurance system familiarly as well externally for their daily business work the effect of automated system compared to the manual system planetary houseifi batht of implementing quality system for both the external and internal environment.2.2 Research questions What is the trouble of implementing quality assurance (QA) manually? What is the difficulty of implementing quality assurance (QA) manually? What are the effects of transformation from using quality as surance on manual system to automated system? Why the company need to implement the quality assurance system internally as well externally for their daily business work? What are the effects of automated system compared to the manual system? What is authorized of implementing quality system for both the external and internal environment?3.0 Literature criticismWith the development and the industrialization of the world, quality assurance system has become inevitable to business industries (Lanz, 2013, p. 6). Many businesses industries adapt technologies to increase efficiency and quality of services they offer. The quality services and efficiency serves as a strategy to compete in the market. development system is one of the technologies that have been qualified by many companies and bushiness to rectify on their achievement (Ho-Chang, Chang, & Prybutok, 2014, p. 316). The information systems have been utilise in sundry(a) areas of specialization for company much(prenomina l) as records department, financial, marketing and quality control. The technologies are linked to the business strategies much(prenominal) that they fit the competitive strategies making the company to fit in a dynamic market and environment (Wang et al, 2012, p. 346). The information systems help to integrate business entities making it more submissive and efficient in delivery of its services ( Drnevich, & Croson, 2013, p. 488-489). Hence, the quality system that would incorporate information system give enhance the integration of the five departments and the external environment making the company more manageable and improve service delivery. Consequently, the business would be able to compete and improve its feat.The implementation of the new quality assurance system in Athal telephoner voluminous an organization change. Hence the company requisite to work up the employees for a new change because people pass to resist to changes and particularly to those that tend to affect their emancipation (Ford, Ford, & DAmelio, 2008, p. 370). The managers have the responsibility to initiate new changes and influence employees to develop confident(p) side on the technologies for smooth adoption of new quality assurance system (Lilly, & Durr, 2012, p. 199). To avoid resistance managers and executive essential provide employees with trainings and other support skills that go out help them to adapt to new technologies (Kumpikait ,& iarnien, 2008, p. 93-94.).The case study entangled the transformation of Athal fellowship from the manual quality systems to new automated quality systems that would be implemented using information systems. To implement the new quality assurance system using information system, the company needed to purchase new computers, information systems software to link various departments and branches (Porter, 2008, p.359). For testing, inspecting, and quality control consultant companies, it takes a lot of time o collect info manua lly for various tests and inspections. This results in decreased performance from trim numbers of clients that can be served in a habituated day. In order to increase speed, efficiency, accuracy, and simplify data collection, analysis and collation, information system is important as part of quality assurance. learning system helps to automate the quality assurance system.In automation process, a microprocessor can be adapted for data collection, analysis, and collation for small companies like Athal. The process is cost effective and is able to turn to change number of data sets. However, a real-time microcomputer is more relevant and reliable for the company since it submitle a varied number of companies and collects a wide range of tests and inspection data. In addition, statistical quality assurance would ensure that a regular return is carried out on the whole process. Larger companies with cosmic numbers of employees may require a complex information system for qual ity assurance such as agile system that would be able to handle complex testing and inspection processes and delivering high quality results. However, the system is high-priced, require highly trained manpower and therefore unsuitable for small companies such as Athal. The microprocessor and real-time microcomputer are suitable for Athal Company due to its small size that is certify by a few(prenominal) employees and services turnover. The program ask skilled fag that was costly and extra training for the employees so that they could be able to adapt to the new quality assurance system freely. In addition, the new quality assurance system needed change of organization behaviour from a manual system to an automated system, which many of the employees were not conversant. Therefore, the company had to change the behaviour of employees from manual to automated systems, which risked objection and resistant. Hence, the commission had to use their leadership skills and organization development to implement the new change successfull (Mullins, 2013 p. 8).The new quality assurance system meant that the employees freedom, poor performance and missing of duties would end. Consequently, their level of services would be monitored and thus giving quality services. The implementation process involved installation of inspection, testing, and quality control infrastructures that were linked using information system software and hardware that would be utilise to disseminate information. Quality assurance can be automated through integration with information systems such as microcomputer and microprocessors with simple software or complex software such as agile systems. Some of the examples of automated quality assurance that was a feasible choice for Athal Company include lint, find bugs, check-styles, fx-Cop, and coverity (Sroufe & Curkovic, 2008, p. 357). These systems can be used for multiple projects and can even detect defects that technical police squad may not be skilled in the run-in of detection either through testing or inspection. These systems are programmed software and coded in reference to various local and international standards. These programs are installed in microprocessor, microcomputers or computers in order to enhance the quality assurance process. The processes become fast, accurate and less laborious (Sroufe, & Curkovic, 2008, p.519). .Programs such as lint are installed in order to help in detecting errors that may occur in the itinerary of analysis test and inspection data that is collected from various client companies. The check style helps in writing the java code that is requisite during automation process. payable to a wide range of configurations of the tools, it can be con conceptiond to various standards thus becoming an important program in quality assurance companies as they deal with varied tests with different standards. This is done through coding different standards using various classes of checks s uch as JavaDoc, Coding, and whitespace (Wang et al, 2012, p. 330).The change to new quality assurance system for Athal Company meant that it would increase its market share due to improved quality of services that it would offer. Its clients would receive quality inspection and testing that would guarantee the quality control. The new information system would be able to monitor external companies that serve as its client at constant rates thus enhancing efficiency of Athal Company. Moreover, the automated system has low errors as compared to the manual system thus, the right services allow be offered. This leave alone guarantee the company efficient services that meet the national and international levels.The new changes to the automated quality assurance system will enable the forethought in the Athal Company to be able to define their objectives and delegate to specific employees, which could not be possible with the manual system. de lay out objectives and delegation of dutie s in the company will mean that the capers would be accomplished in time. Moreover, less time is wasted using the automated quality systems thus the employees become more fatty in cattiness of quality services that they offer. The result is the overall productivity of the company and better services to their clients compared to when they were using the manual system.The company decision to implement the new quality assurance system was because of increased competition and the deteriorating performance on its inspection, testing, and quality control services. The few companies in the industry had improved their performance, they had started to command the market, and therefore, the company had to look for means by which it could be able to compete with the other companies. The adoption of the new automated quality assurance system was seen as the scarce demeanor that the company would be able to compete successfully in the market and thus a decision was finally reached to implem ent the new system. However, the decision was field of honor to employees support as they would be the one s that would use the quality assurance system for the welfare of the company. The decision process involved all the employees in the company where opinions were included in the new projects. Due to fear of most of the employees on their relevance when the new quality assurance system would be implemented, training of existing and recruiting of new employees was included as part of the implementation of the new system. When all the employees were comfortable with the new quality assurance system and sensitized on the need to angle to the new quality assurance system, the heed went ahead to implement the new automated quality system in the company. Since the employees are gain oriented, they were able to adapt to the new system.The finance department must(prenominal) ensure that financial services given to consulting clients are accurate and up-to-date. This will ensure that no overcharging or errors that may affect clients access to services from Athal Company. Therefore, internal quality assurance system will be important in the finance department vis--vis other departments to ensure harmony and quality services. The public relation department ensures that interpersonal alliance for all the clients and workers is maintained at high level thereby improving the performance of the employees, retain, and attract more clients. This will result in productivity of the company due good customer relation and high quality services that the company offers. Technical department ensures all the other department and technical services oversight meet the goal and mission of the company to offer quality services (Chen, 2008, p. 242).The quality control department ensures that all the services that are offered by the company and its internal managements are in line with the international and local standards (Hoyle, 2009, p. 244). Athal company manual quality contro l system was tedious since employees had to carry out inspection and testing services physically resulting to delayed and poor services. In addition, physical method is prone to error from workers due to fatigue and this may affect the services delivered to the clients negatively. The qualities of services that companies give help them to retain and attract more customers, making it more competitive by commanding a wider share of the market (Berry, & Parasuraman, 2004 p. 134).Therefore, for the company to improve its services and improves its market share, a competitive and efficient quality control systems had to be put in place. Despite the high cost of implementation, the service would ensure that quality services are deal through efficient observe services and this.The company adopted and automated a quality control system developed through information system to link all the five departments and the employees. Consequently, the company linked all the 15 branches such that all the services offered meet the customers need. The interlinked company departments and branches would ensure that inspection and testing process were efficient. The information systems ensure that quality assurance system updated on regular intervals thus allowing continuous returns of the process. The technical department monitored and maintained all the systems. The marketing department created awareness of the services offered by Athal Company and disseminated information about the quality and the quality assurance system that they employ to give the clients confidence and increase clients influx in the company. Consequently, public relation department would ensure that a good relationship among all the stakeholders of the company by disseminating relevant information and keeping the customers updated throughout.The questions categorized for questionnaires and interviews. The employees questions related to the effectiveness of the new process, their side on the change, and the t ransformation to the new system. Moreover, it also focused on employees involvement in the new process, and how supervise changed comparing the manual quality assurance system. Concerning this question, some employees said that the new quality assurance system was more effective go few of them did not distinguish betwixt the performance of the manual quality assurance system and the new quality assurance system that is integrated with the information system, look that they viewed both systems as the same. On the issue of cost and monitor, most of them said that the new quality assurance system on quality assurance was more costly and offered close monitoring of employees and projects on the course thus maintain a high performance rate in the company. On the issue of the stead of the employees, some employees had a negative attitude on the new quality assurance system as they said that the new quality assurance system would limit their freedom and might result to losing their jo bs. Those with positive attitude argued that the new automated system would take up work easier and improve the performance of the company. Few were disordered on the though seemed interested with the implementation of the new quality assurance system. The implementation process was expensive from the response of the majority of the participants slice few did not care about the cost and they said that it was punk for the company since it had enough resources to implement the new system. According to the participant in this case study that were workings for Athal company for the time of the investigate, the transformation process was faced with resistant as some employees feared losing jobs due to compendioussighted skills. According to GE Inspection Technologies, new quality assurance system would result to working extra time because some machines would require monitoring and thus resisted the change and made the transformation process difficult for the management. A number of the employees said that transformation was smooth as they cited that the management was able to deal with employees and assured them that secret code would change on the management of employees and their jobs were safe (Ho-Chang et al., 2014, p. 35). They also forecastd that the management assured them that the transformation to automate quality assurance system would include training of employees in order to adapt to the new quality assurance system. The employees argue that method would be applicable to both internal and external monitoring, as the company required the monitoring of the quality of other companies that it offered services. To them, this was the best means by which the company would improve its services to its clients (Kumpikait & iarnien, 2008, p.93).On the part of the management interview, it emphasized on the performance of the new quality assurance system, employees and clients response, and the cost of the implementation. The interview involved five manage ment employees under the five departments. The management unanimously answered that the performance of the new quality assurance system showed improvement. They cited that the system could process large information fast, accurately, and effective as compared to the old system. The management argued that the employees had a mixed reaction on the implementation while the clients were happy and welcomed the new system, as they believed that it could improve their services ((Ho-Chang et al., 2014, p. 306). The implementation process was costly according to the management but they did it as a way of improving their qualities.The organization experienced problems and poor performance in the marketing department thus caused reduced customers in the company. Similarly, poor performance of public relations department resulted to conflicts and poor employees performance that affected the efficiency and productivity of the company in delivering its services. In every company or business, good employees relationship is important since it minimizes conflicts and improves their working conditions and as a result, employees become very productive, which is the aim of every business. Consequently, employees are able to offer quality services to their clients thus retaining more clients for Athal Company despite high prices that may be attributed by increased cost of automated quality assurance system. Similarly, the slow monitoring and poor services in the finance department caused company poor performances and financial mismanagements. All the problems happened to Athal Company despite it having a manual quality assurance system that was mandated monitoring and ensuring that the company was able to operate within the local and international business environment (Kumpikait & iarnien, 2008, p.93). The manual system required employees to record and enter data manually in addition to physical monitoring and auditing thus spending a lot time and resulting in slowed processes thu s caused Athal Company to perform poorly. The problems reflected that the manual system was ineffective. Therefore, the company needed to change its method of quality assurance so that it could ensure that customers received quality services. Finance department also needed good management as it ensured that the company operated with the international and national standards. The approach would not only improve the companys quality systems but also improve its productivity and its competitiveness due to high quality services and standards that it would uphold.The target market for Athal Company is organizations and businesses that are in need of consultancy, inspection and testing services. The companies or businesses may be diverse and offering various services in the market but for them to provide quality services to their customers, they strengthen their managements through Athal consultation services (Wigand, 2003, p. 33). Therefore, Athal Company needs to provide high quality ser vices and set international standards to its clients. Hence, it was important for it to adapt new quality assurance system in quality assurance services that would allow it give quality inspection, testing, and quality control services. Thus, adapting an automated information system would ensure that it would be able to carry out internal and external quality control.Athal Company offered effective services in the industry, which has maintained its productivity in the market in spite of its manual system. The company has also high skilled employees although the achievement of the companys goals has been achieved through extra management and monitoring. In addition, the company operates in an industry where competition is not very much stiff. However, the emergence of the new quality assurance system that few companies are adapting, competition is becoming a business issue that management has to deal with. Moreover, the companies marketing strategies and new quality assurance system adaptation has been poor until the young past when the company adapted the new quality assurance system on quality assurance. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the implementation process of the new quality assurance system and how best is suited in the companys strategies to improve its productivity and growth in the industry.3.1 Advantage of Athal Company on implementation of the new quality assurance systemThe implementation of the new quality assurance system by Athal Company will accrue various advantages over the old manual system. The advantages will be in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, cost, involvement, and result oriented. The automated system will be advantageous in that inspection and tests will be run fast and effectively thus economy time that can be used to do other constructive duties in the company. Automated system will mean that the same grammatical case of the information will be fed to the system for various clients at a very wretched time and giving results instantly (Mak, &Peng, 2008, p. 366). One can only repeat similar information for the automated system. However, on the manual system one would be forced to record similar information for various entry and different clients thus taking a lot of time for a given task and giving out delayed results. This can be distractive to clients making them to turn their services to other companies that can offer fast and effective services. Hence, the automated quality assurance system will not only give effective services at a very short time, but also retain the customer making the company more competitive in the market as opposed to the manual system (GE inspections, n.d p. 1).Although the automated system installation and training of employees on the new quality assurance system is costly in the short term, in long term, the system will be cheap as there will be saving of time and decreased human involvement thus saving the cost of labour for the company. The time saved could be us ed to do other constructive and productive services for the company, which would in turn give returns that subsidise the cost incurred by the company. Since the new quality assurance system utilises decreased human labour, the company can opt reducing its labour, which may as well reduce its cost of operation and thus increase its advances margin (GE inspections, n.d, p.18). However, the manual quality assurance system required a lot of time to fill out the forms and extra human labour to attend different labour thus the process becoming expensive in the long term and but cheap in the short term since there are is no cost of installation. Hence, the automated system is less expensive in the long term and thus more advantageous to the company compared to the manual system. Another advantage is that the choice of quality assurance system depends on the financial and services offered by a company. learning system would allow integration of inspection and testing services making the p rocess less involving and saving time for employees.The automated system is results oriented and the results can be assessed by different employees since they will be available from the system thus minimizing errors being transferred to clients. Moreover, different employees can monitor the results in their various destinations so that a perfect final product is achieved. Hence, the system forms the best collaborative monitoring system (Wang, 2012, p.325). This is in contrast to the manual where results are only processed by an several(prenominal) subjecting them to errors that may be transferred to clients and may affect the customer relation with the company and affect its performance and provision of services. Therefore, Athal implementation of the new quality system through information system presents it with advantage on accurate and quality services for the customer thus maintain customer relations and maintaining its market performance at improved level. However, the new aut omated system will be a challenge to the company as the information system tool is expensive on purchase and replacement in cases of breakdown. Moreover, the process of precaution and training of employees can be very expensive for the company thus accruing unplanned cost, which may absorb its services more expensive thus making it less competitive in the market. Customers are attracted by low prices in the market. Although the automated system performs various tests for the information fed for the machine, the system has limitations and some of the tests such as images, and colour are only tested using manual system. Hence, the system cannot operate fully independently. Thus the cost of operation is increased by additional services for manual system.3.2 Conceptual exemplar4.0 Methodology4.1 Research (Case study) philosophyThe case study used questionnaires to obtain information from the employees about the manual quality system and the newly implemented quality systems in the c ompany (Appendix 4). All the 110 employees were administered questionnaires to feel that contained both the questions about the old and the new information systems. In addition, interviews were conducted with five members from the top management team to understand the monitoring of the two systems (Wigand, 2003, p. 45)The questionnaires were preferred for the employees because they were a large group in the company and other methods would take a lot of time. Moreover, it was possible to administer all the questionnaires at the same time thus saving time and getting the required information. However, the tool is not portion for getting details if a good guidance is not accorded to participants. Respondents may answer questions shallowly and avoid some questions that may be sensitive to company operating policies. Interviews were preferred for the management team because they were few and it could be managed with a short time. Interview also helps in getting details about the impleme ntation process. However, it is time consuming. The interview involved the seven questions attached in the appendix for the management.Athal Company was chosen in this case study since it was one of the companies that had implemented a new automated quality system using information system in the recent past. This meant that employees could be able to provide the required information as opposed to those that implemented it long time ago. In addition, there was high likely hood that most of the employees working in the company were present during the implementation process thus accurate information. Moreover, the implementation of the new quality assurance system was faced with many challenges from employees resistance to financial support. In addition, the company size was manageable for this study since it had few employees, few departments and only five departments. Hence, purpose information from the company would be easier compared to large complicated company, as well this comp any at the time of the research study of this thesis it was the only company that allowed the tec to do this case study on their company.The region of study was chosen to be Australia because the location has been good in automated quality assurance system and so there was high likelihood of finding a company that had implemented a quality system using information system as the study had targeted. The studies show that the Australia has a number of companies operating in quality assurance industry, which made the study more appropriate within the country (Sroufe, & Curkovic, 2008, p. 517).4.2.1 Data Analysis Presentation and Interpretation of FindingsThe data was coded and analysed using the software package for social sciences SPSS and MS Excel package as well. The data was then scored by calculating the percentages and means. The information collected from the respondents was interpreted. Information was compiled once the questionnaires were completed and collected. The informati on was analysed and presented using statistical methods that is, pie charts and bar graphs.The data on the case study was obtained through questionnaires and interviews and 110 questionnaires were distributed to the different employees. The findings were as follows. From the ampere-second questionnaires that were complete, 90% discredited the manual system saying it was faulty as it offered minimum monitoring.As a point of fact, 70% of the employees had a positive attitude about the manual system, as it was not effective when monitoring employees. 30% had negative attitude on the system as they felt the system caused personal conflicts amid them and the people in pick of quality control. 100% of the participants agreed that the automated system was more effective compared to the manual system since all the employees had to log in to automated biometric system. In addition, 43% of the employees were resistant to the process and felt that the manual system would continue while 57% of the employees felt that transformation to the automated quality system was necessary. 95% of the employees felt that it was important to implement the quality system for both the external and internal environment of the business to ensure that the overall performance of the company was monitored. Inherently, 5% of the participants were not sure if the quality system was suppose to be installed both internally and externally.4.2.2 The Distribution of position in company of RespondentsAccording to table 4.4 and figure 4.4 Majority of the respondents were managers as shown by 25% of the respondents, 20% of them were line managers, 5% of them worked in the human resource department, 20% of the respondents indicated that they worked in the engineering department, another 10% of them came from the marketing department, 10% of them were finance managers while 10% of the respondents were managers from customer care department. control board 4.4 Position in company of RespondentsFrequen cy doweryIT Manager 5 25.0Line manager 4 20.0Human resource manager 1 5.0 lead 4 20.0Marketing 2 10.0Customer care dept. 2 10.0Finance manager 2 10.0 radical 20 100.0 material body 4.4 Positions in company of Respondents4.2.3 To determine the finishing of quality assurance systems using Information Systems within the AthalIn order for the study to achieve its main objective the first specific objective of the study was to determine the implementation application of quality assurance systems using Information Systems. In this dissemble the respondents were required to indicate the extent to which implement the application of quality assurance systems using Information Systems within the Athal). The respondents were also supposed to strongly negative, negative, positive or strongly positive on variables of quality assurance systems using Information Systems and their effect on manual system.4.2.4 Extent effect of manual systemFrom the study, 70% of the employees had a positive atti tude about the manual system, as it was not effective when monitoring employees while 30% had negative attitude on the system as they felt the system caused personal conflicts between them and the people in charge of quality control largely as indicated by table 4.6 and figure 4.6 downstairs. The findings indicate that manual system has a very great influence on monitoring employees. instrument panel 4.6 positive attitude about the manual systemDistribution Frequency Percentage go over 90 70.0Disagree 20 30.0Total 110 100.0 issue 4.6 positive attitude about the manual system4.2.5 import of effect of manual system on employees monitoringAccording to table 4.7 and figure 4.7 below 90% discredited the manual system saying it was faulty as it offered minimum monitoring while 20% strongly agreed. From the study therefore it is clear that manual system offered minimum monitoring.Table 4.7 Effect of effect of manual system on employees monitoringDistribution Frequency PercentageDisagree 100 90.0 retain 10 10.0Total 110 100.0Figure 4.7 effect of manual system on employees monitoringThe effect of automated system compared to the manual systemThe findings on the effect of automated system compared to the manual system in table 4.8 and figure 4.8 below reveal that 70% of the employees had a positive attitude about the manual system, as it was not effective when monitoring employees while 30% had negative attitude on the system as they felt the system caused personal conflicts between them and the people in charge of quality control.Table 4.8 effect of automated system compared to the manual systemFrequency Percent sound Percent Cumulative PercentDisagree 20 30.0 30.0 30.0Agree 90 70.0 70.0 80.0Total 110 110.0 100.0Figure 4.8 effect of automated system compared to the manual systemEffect of automated system compared to the manual systemAccording to table 4.9 and figure 4.9 below 100% of the participants agreed that the automated system was more effective compared to th e manual system since all the employees had to log in to automated biometric system.. From the study therefore it is clear that effective compared to the manual system.Table 4.9 effect of automated system compared to the manual systemFrequency PercentageAgree 110 100.0Total 110 100.0Figure 4.9 effect of automated system compared to the manual system4.2.6 The difficulty of implementing quality assurance (QA) manuallyAccording to table 4.10 and figure 4.10 below 43% of the employees were resistant to the process and felt that the manual system would continue while 57% of the employees felt that transformation to the automated quality system was necessary. From the study therefore it is clear that employees felt that transformation to the automated quality system was necessary.Table 4.10 difficulty of implementing quality assurance (QA) manuallyTotal no PercentageDisagree 40 36.0Agree 70 64.0Total 110 100.0Figure 4.10 difficulty of implementing quality assurance (QA) manually4.2.7 Impo rtant of implementing quality system for both the external and internal environmentThe findings according to table 4.11 and figure 4.11 below indicate that 95% of the employees felt that it was important to implement the quality system for both the external and internal environment of the business to ensure that the overall performance of the company was monitored. 5% of the participants were not sure if the quality system was supposed to be installed both internally and externally. From the study therefore it is clear that quality system was supposed to be installed both internally and externally.Table 4.11 important of implementing quality system for both the external and internal environmentFrequency PercentageDisagree 10 5.0Agree 100 95.0Total 110 100.0Figure 4.11 Important of implementing quality system for both the external and internal environment5.0 Research (Case study) findings and conclusionFrom the data obtained and the results from the questionnaire, the company wanted to implement new quality assurance system as a sign of its improvement from the manual to the automated system. The automated system would allow the company to improve its services and the ability to upgrade and update the systems software will give the company ability to adapt to continued improvement of its services. Therefore, the new quality assurance system will be advantageous to the manual quality system that limited continued improvement throughout the operations.The case study can be analyzed using various porters five forces to determine its applicability of the new quality assurance system in Athal Company and the external business environment. The porters five forces help to analyze the business in terms of competition, threat of new entry, power of clients seeking inspection, suppliers of quality assurance software and other employees qualified to work on the new quality assurance system, and substitutes services offered by other companies using manual system.Consulting industry in Australia is very competitive and thus companies in the industry must devise strategies that will make them more competitive and make them the leading companies in the market. Therefore, for Athal Company to remain relevant in the market, it must adopt the best technologies that will enable it to provide the best quality assurance services in the industry. In the industry, company adapt to manual systems due to their low operation cost (Ahuja, & Khamba, 2008, p. 745). Hence, Athal company shift to new quality assurance system gives it competitive advantages over the other companies in the industry. According to the research carried out on the company, 90% of the employees credited the automated system saying that it was effective compared to the manual system. Thus, the system would be able to deliver quality effective services to its target market. Quality services help a company to retain its customers and place it in a more competitive position in the market as custo mer or buyers tend to be attracted by quality and not the prices (Porter, 2008 p. 33). Therefore, the companys choice on the automated system would be advantageous in the market despite the cost that is associated with it. The implementation of the new automated quality assurance system led to the improvement of the companys performance and increase in customers seeking services from the company and thus improved incomes as shown in figure 1 below (Appendix 1). According to the interview carried out on the companys income performance, the income is expected to rise to $ 900 million with the new automated system.The industry suffers from the presence of companies that are still using manual systems as a means of quality assurance system. The manual system forms the substitute services offered in the industry. These companies charge their inspection services at lower prices that threaten Athal automated services. Hence, Athal Company must offer good services beyond their clients expec tations so that they will be able to shift from the manual to the automated. The company also needs to put in place marketing strategies that will advertise the new quality assurance system emphasizing on the quality of services that it will offer as opposed to their previous method of quality assurance. Moreover, the company needs to offer quality services that will meet the needs of the clients. Hence, the company needs to improve its management and staff training so that it will be able to cope up with the substitute services from the company. Quality assurance ensures that quality services that meet the need of the consumers and international standards are offered (Wigand, 2003, p. 115). For this reason, employees are required to be trained in accordance of rights with the quality assurance system in order to deliver the required services. For smooth learning of quality assurance in the Athal Company, the management should be conversant with the complete quality assurance syste m. Therefore, individuals, organizations, and groups are part of quality assurance system.In every market, companies maintain the large share of the market through restricting the bargaining power of the consumers. Initially, the company was offering manual services that were offered by other companies in the market. This gave consumers more bargaining power as they had a wide choice of obtaining services from various companies. However, the shift of Athal company from manual system to the new system that was adapted by few companies make consumers to have limited choices of seeking services from the automated companies. The presence of few companies with the automated quality control system makes it possible for Athal Company to limit the bargaining power of consumers. When the bargaining power of consumers in the market is limited, they will tend to buy or obtain services from a single business (Chen, 2008, p. 241). Therefore, Athal Company will limit the customers and thus they will tend to seek the new services from the company thus improving its productivity and making it more competitive in the market.Athal Company shifting to the new system meant that it would also shift its suppliers from those that provided the manual facilities to those that would suppliers it with facilities and infrastructures for the new system . Since many companies in the industry have not adapted the new quality assurance system, it means that the suppliers are few in the industry. Few suppliers mean that the suppliers provide their services with strict conditions and high prices due to lack of competition. Moreover, the suppliers have high bargaining power in the market. This led to high installation cost for the automated quality system and the caution cost. The high prices offered by suppliers in the market reduce the profits margins for the companies operating in the industry (Chen, 2008, p. 241). Therefore, the new quality assurance system was costly to the company and t he consecutive maintenance costs remain high thus reducing the profits margin for the company. Hence, limited suppliers in the industry threaten Athal Company adaptation to the new quality assurance system for quality system.The decreased number of suppliers and the reduced profits margin in the industry discourage new entrants in the industry. The decreased new entrants in the industry result in decreased competition in the market and threats for the existing companies. Therefore, Athal Company is free from threats of new entry due to high cost of adapting new quality assurance system. The reduced competition creates favourable environment for the existing company to operate and improve their services in order to achieve their desired profit margin and growth in the market. According to the management, the initial cost of the new automated quality assurance system 40% more than the previous manual system. Hence, few companies in the industry can adapt it and especially those that are profit oriented making the industry less competitive. However, it requires low maintenance cost that can be even out by the anticipated increase in clients influx due to high quality services and additional benefits of continuous quality assurance that will be offered by the quality assurance system implemented externally. According to Berry & Parasuraman, (2004), customers are attracted by quality services than low prices of the offered services. Thus, market share for Athal Company will tend to increase despite the increase in price of their services.The purpose of this research was to investigate the implementing application of quality assurance systems using Information Systems with a special focus on Athal Limited. Having place the problem of study reviewed existing literature and shown gaps of knowledge in and explained the methods that the study used to collect data. This section presents analysis and findings of the study as set out in the research methodology. The res ults are presented on the implementing application of quality assurance systems using Information Systems and Athal Limited in particular. The data was gathered exclusively from questionnaire as the research instrument. The questionnaire was designed in line with the objectives of the study.6.0 SUMMARYThis study was descriptive in nature meaning it employed a descriptive survey design and was carried out at Athal Company. Stratified random have was used to ensure equitable distribution of managers and employees in the departments within the organization, from which 110 were selected for the study and all of them change the questionnairesThe data that was obtained from the management was as follows. According to the management, the automated quality system was more effective and efficient in monitoring and delivery of information across the company departments and branches. Moreover, the system was fast as compared to the manual systems. The management agreed that the automated qu ality system improved the performance of the employees and that of the company thus increase attracting more customers. According to the company, quality assurance has ensured that all the testing and inspection services meet the requirements of the clients and international standards. In addition, the quality assurance has been ensuring that there is continuous collection of data that can be used in assessing the quality of services. The data collected compared to international standards allow the Athal Company to carry out improvements of the system in order to improve the services they offer. To facilitate this, an action plan that is developed through policies monitoring and evaluation process allow the management and the technical team to carry out continuous improvement of the quality assurance.According to the management of Athal Company, customers had increased from 300 to 550 per month when the new quality assurance system was implemented as shown in figure 3 below (appendi x 3). Similarly, it is expected that the income would increase from $ 450 to $ 900 million by the end of the first year the figure 2 below in appendix 3 analysis the change. The management said that the employees had mixed reactions on the new quality systems, with almost half number of the employees rivalry against it. However, concerted trainings and sensitizations led to smooth implementation of the new systems. From the questionnaires, it was found that managers appreciated the new systems and saw it a good system for medium companies. The implementation process was expensive and the maintenance cost is high. The installation and maintenance cost is 60% more for the new quality assurance system than the manual system as shown in the figure below.7.0 ConclusionThe objectives of this case study were achieved in that the new quality assurance system that was implemented by Athal Company could be upgraded unlike the manual quality assurance system through update of information syst em software. The process of full implementation, handling, monitoring, operating the system for the Athal Company involved the employees and organization management. Therefore, the process of quality assurance is effective when coupled to individuals, groups and organisations. According to the management, the type of the information system adapted to be used by quality assurance system depend on the size of the organization, services offered, financial ability and availability of resources. Athal Company being a medium company chose the relevant information system that meets their size of the company, financial ability and ability for continuous improvement. The process of quality assurance automation involves installation of testing, inspection and quality control equipments that are interlinked with information system software and hand wares such as computers to record information and deliver results. Athal Company followed the protocol and successfully implemented a new quality a ssurance system using information system.8.0 RecommendationsThe following recommendations would be most appropriate for the company and other that would take the initiative to implement the automated quality assurance system in their premises. The company should prepare its employees in advance through hiring the right employees who have the skills to prevent unnecessary cost from extra trainings. If there has to be a training, only few employees should be trained and not the inbuilt workforce. This would prevent resistant to new quality assurance system and save the company unplanned costs. The company should asses the availability of suppliers of automated quality assurance system that is planning to adopt to prevent exploitation by suppliers as evidenced in this case study. Few suppliers in the market resulted to increased cost, which in turn led to reduced profits from high cost of initial installations.9.0 Suggestion for Further ResearchThe study was carried out on Athal organ ization only therefore a similar study could be carried out in other firms to ascertain whether similar results are obtainable.ReferencesAhuja, I. P. S., &Khamba, J. S. (2008). Total productive maintenance literature review and directions. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 25(7), 709-756.Berry, L. L., &Parasuraman, A. (2004). Marketing services Competing through quality. 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